edit: Rewrite it to be clearer that you shouldn't follow the instructions

Not really a secure way to do this currently.

See #31 to fix this.

.github/workflows/audit.yml

@@ -5,96 +5,6 @@ on:
   pull_request:
 
 jobs:
-  lighthouse:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Setup Hugo
-        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
-        with:
-          hugo-version: latest
-          extended: true
-
-      - name: Checkout (pull_request)
-        if: github.event.pull_request
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-        with:
-          submodules: recursive
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.ref }}
-
-      - name: Checkout (push)
-        if: github.event_name == 'push'
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-        with:
-          submodules: recursive
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          ref: ${{ github.event.before }}
-
-      - name: Build previous commit
-        run: |
-          hugo --buildDrafts --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings --baseURL https://localhost -d old/
-
-      - name: Checkout current commit
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-        with:
-          submodules: recursive
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          clean: false
-
-      - name: Build current commit
-        run: |
-          hugo --buildDrafts --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings --baseURL https://localhost
-          cp -r public/ new/
-          # copy, so that public/ stays, it will be needed for Caddy to serve
-
-      - name: Save full diff
-        run: diff -r old/ new/ | tee changes.diff || true
-
-      - name: Upload full diff
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
-        with:
-          name: diff
-          path: changes.diff
-
-      - name: Find changed URLs
-        id: changed_urls
-        env:
-          SCHEME: https
-          DOMAIN: localhost
-        run: |
-          urls="$(./changed-urls.sh)"
-          echo "urls<<EOM" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "$urls" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "EOM" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo -e "CHANGED:\n$urls"
-
-      - name: Install Caddy
-        if: "${{ steps.changed_urls.outputs.urls != '' }}"
-        run: |
-          sudo apt install -y debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring apt-transport-https
-          curl -1sLf 'https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/caddy/stable/gpg.key' | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/caddy-stable-archive-keyring.gpg
-          curl -1sLf 'https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/caddy/stable/debian.deb.txt' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/caddy-stable.list
-          sudo apt update
-          sudo apt install caddy
-          sudo systemctl disable --now caddy
-
-      - name: Compress
-        if: "${{ steps.changed_urls.outputs.urls != '' }}"
-        run: time ./compress.sh
-
-      - name: Audit using Lighthouse
-        if: "${{ steps.changed_urls.outputs.urls != '' }}"
-        uses: treosh/lighthouse-ci-action@v9
-        with:
-          uploadArtifacts: true
-          configPath: ./lighthouserc.yaml
-          runs: 3
-          serverBaseUrl: https://lhci.bbaovanc.com/
-          # this should be safe since it only allows adding (not deleting) data
-          serverToken: 2fca0410-95ae-4ea9-8dc6-687ed7843a3a
-          urls: ${{ steps.changed_urls.outputs.urls }}
-
-
   audit:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
@@ -106,45 +16,15 @@ jobs:
           ref: ${{github.event.pull_request.head.ref}}
           repository: ${{github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name}}
 
+      - name: Read HUGO_VERSION
+        id: hugo_version
+        run: echo "HUGO_VERSION=$(cat HUGO_VERSION)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
       - name: Setup Hugo
-        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
+        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v3
         with:
-          hugo-version: latest
+          hugo-version: ${{ steps.hugo_version.outputs.HUGO_VERSION }}
           extended: true
 
-      - name: Build
+      - name: Run audit
-        run: |
+        run: ./audit.sh
-          HUGO_MINIFY_TDEWOLFF_HTML_KEEPCOMMENTS=true HUGO_ENABLEMISSINGTRANSLATIONPLACEHOLDERS=true hugo --buildDrafts --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings
-
-      # For the following steps, see
-      # https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/audit-your-published-site-for-problems/35184
-
-      - name: Audit - raw HTML
-        if: always()
-        run: |
-          ! grep -inorE "<\!-- raw HTML omitted -->" public/
-
-      - name: Audit - ZgotmplZ (unsafe URL content)
-        if: always()
-        run: |
-          ! grep -inorE "ZgotmplZ" public/
-
-      #- name: Audit - missing translations
-      #  if: always()
-      #  run: |
-      #    ! grep -inorE "\[i18n\]" public/
-
-      - name: Audit - nil values in printf
-        if: always()
-        run: |
-          ! grep -inorE "\(<nil>\)" public/
-
-      - name: Audit - nil values in printf without safeHTML
-        if: always()
-        run: |
-          ! grep -inorE "(&lt;nil&gt;)" public/
-
-      - name: Audit - HAHAHUGO
-        if: always()
-        run: |
-          ! grep -inorE "hahahugo" public/

.github/workflows/deploy.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 name: Deploy
 
+concurrency:
+  group: deploy-production
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
   push:
@@ -19,18 +23,24 @@ jobs:
           submodules: recursive
           fetch-depth: 0
 
+      - name: Read HUGO_VERSION
+        id: hugo_version
+        run: echo "HUGO_VERSION=$(cat HUGO_VERSION)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
       - name: Setup Hugo
-        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
+        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v3
         with:
-          hugo-version: latest
+          hugo-version: ${{ steps.hugo_version.outputs.HUGO_VERSION }}
           extended: true
 
-      - name: Build
+      - name: Download Pagefind
-        run: hugo --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings
-
-      - name: Compress
         run: |
-          time sudo ./compress.sh
+          mkdir -p ~/.local/bin/
+          echo "$HOME/.local/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+          curl -L https://github.com/Pagefind/pagefind/releases/download/v1.3.0/pagefind-v1.3.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl.tar.gz | tar zxv -C ~/.local/bin pagefind
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: ./build.sh
 
       - name: Setup SSH
         uses: kielabokkie/ssh-key-and-known-hosts-action@v1

.github/workflows/diff.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+name: Diff
+
+on:
+  push:
+  pull_request:
+
+jobs:
+  compare:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout previous (pull_request)
+        if: github.event.pull_request
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.ref }}
+
+      - name: Checkout previous (push)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          ref: ${{ github.event.before }}
+
+      - name: Read HUGO_VERSION (previous)
+        id: hugo_version_old
+        run: echo "HUGO_VERSION=$(cat HUGO_VERSION)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - name: Setup Hugo (previous)
+        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v3
+        with:
+          hugo-version: ${{ steps.hugo_version_old.outputs.HUGO_VERSION }}
+          extended: true
+
+      - name: Build previous
+        run: |
+          NO_SEARCH=y NO_COMPRESS=y DEST=old/ ./build.sh
+
+      - name: Checkout current
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          clean: false
+
+      - name: Read HUGO_VERSION (current)
+        id: hugo_version_new
+        run: echo "HUGO_VERSION=$(cat HUGO_VERSION)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - name: Setup Hugo (current)
+        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v3
+        with:
+          hugo-version: ${{ steps.hugo_version_new.outputs.HUGO_VERSION }}
+          extended: true
+
+      - name: Build current
+        run: |
+          NO_SEARCH=y NO_COMPRESS=y DEST=new/ ./build.sh
+
+      - name: Print filenames changed
+        run: diff -qr old/ new/ || true
+
+      - name: Save full diff
+        run: diff -r old/ new/ | tee changes.diff || true
+
+      - name: Upload full diff
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: diff
+          path: changes.diff

.github/workflows/pull_request.yml

@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
-name: Pull Request
-
-on:
-  pull_request_target:
-    types:
-      - opened
-      - reopened
-      - synchronize
-
-jobs:
-  deploy:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-        with:
-          submodules: recursive
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          ref: ${{github.event.pull_request.head.ref}}
-          repository: ${{github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name}}
-
-      - name: Start deployment
-        uses: bobheadxi/deployments@v0.6.0
-        id: deployment
-        with:
-          step: start
-          token: ${{ github.token }}
-          env: pr-${{ github.event.number }}
-          ref: ${{ github.head_ref }}
-          no_override: false
-
-      - name: Setup Hugo
-        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
-        with:
-          hugo-version: latest
-          extended: true
-
-      - name: Build
-        run: hugo --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings --baseURL "https://demo.bbaovanc.com/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}" --buildDrafts
-
-      - name: Compress
-        run: |
-          time sudo ./compress.sh
-
-      - name: Setup SSH
-        uses: kielabokkie/ssh-key-and-known-hosts-action@v1
-        with:
-          ssh-private-key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY }}
-          ssh-host: srv.bbaovanc.com
-          ssh-port: 2222
-
-      - name: Upload
-        uses: up9cloud/action-rsync@v1
-        env:
-          HOST: srv.bbaovanc.com
-          USER: droneci
-          PORT: 2222
-          SOURCE: public/
-          MODE: push
-          VERBOSE: true
-          KEY: ${{secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY}}
-          TARGET: /var/www/demo.bbaovanc.com/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}/
-          ARGS: -avPzc --delete-delay --exclude=/.git/ --exclude=/.github/
-
-      - name: Finish deployment
-        uses: bobheadxi/deployments@v0.6.0
-        if: always()
-        with:
-          step: finish
-          token: ${{ github.token }}
-          status: ${{ job.status }}
-          deployment_id: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.deployment_id }}
-          env_url: "https://demo.bbaovanc.com/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}/"
-          no_override: true
-          auto_inactive: false
-
-      - name: Find PR comment
-        uses: peter-evans/find-comment@v1
-        id: fc
-        with:
-          issue-number: ${{ github.event.number }}
-          comment-author: 'github-actions[bot]'
-          body-includes: "preview of this pull request"
-
-      - name: Comment on PR
-        uses: peter-evans/create-or-update-comment@v1
-        with:
-          comment-id: ${{ steps.fc.outputs.comment-id }}
-          issue-number: ${{ github.event.number }}
-          body: |
-            A preview of this pull request is ready!
-            See it at https://demo.bbaovanc.com/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}/
-            View the deploy log at https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id}}
-          edit-mode: replace

.github/workflows/pull_request_cleanup.yml

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-name: Pull Request Cleanup
-
-on:
-  pull_request_target:
-    types:
-      - closed
-
-jobs:
-  cleanup:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Setup SSH
-        uses: kielabokkie/ssh-key-and-known-hosts-action@v1
-        with:
-          ssh-private-key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY }}
-          ssh-host: srv.bbaovanc.com
-          ssh-port: 2222
-
-      - name: Delete pull request on server
-        run:
-          ssh -p 2222 droneci@srv.bbaovanc.com rm -r /var/www/demo.bbaovanc.com/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}/
-
-      - name: Deactivate deployment
-        uses: bobheadxi/deployments@v0.6.0
-        with:
-          step: deactivate-env
-          token: ${{ github.token }}
-          env: pr-${{ github.event.number }}
-          desc: Deployment was pruned

.gitignore

@@ -17,5 +17,6 @@ hugo.linux
 
 /.hugo_build.lock
 
-# My private drafts
+# used in demo.sh and staging.sh
-/content/blog/drafts/
+/public.demo/
+/public.staging/

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -1,22 +1,15 @@
 # Contributing to bobatheme
 
-## Where to put questions/issues/etc
-
-Use the [GitHub Discussions forum][github-discussions-url] for any questions,
-or ideas. Use the "Q&A" section for both questions and issues as well.
-
-[github-discussions-url]: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/discussions
-
 ## Building
 
 Just in case you need it.
 
-## Automatic deploy previews with GitHub Actions
+### Automatic deploy previews with GitHub Actions
 
 My GitHub Actions workflows will automatically build each pull request into a
 public deploy preview on demo.bbaovanc.com, and will link it in a comment.
 
-## Manual (local) building
+### Manual (local) building
 
 You can also build the site yourself using Hugo, including a live local preview.
 

Caddyfile

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-# vim: ft=caddyfile
-
-https://localhost {
-    header Cache-Control no-cache
-    root * public/
-    file_server {
-        precompressed br gzip
-    }
-}

HUGO_VERSION

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+0.147.9

LICENSE

@@ -1,25 +1,49 @@
-Attribution 4.0 International
+The non-content code in this repository follows the MIT License:
 
-=======================================================================
+   Copyright (c) 2021 BBaoVanC
 
-Creative Commons Corporation ("Creative Commons") is not a law firm and
+   Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-does not provide legal services or legal advice. Distribution of
+   of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-Creative Commons public licenses does not create a lawyer-client or
+   in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-other relationship. Creative Commons makes its licenses and related
+   to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-information available on an "as-is" basis. Creative Commons gives no
+   copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-warranties regarding its licenses, any material licensed under their
+   furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-terms and conditions, or any related information. Creative Commons
-disclaims all liability for damages resulting from their use to the
-fullest extent possible.
 
-Using Creative Commons Public Licenses
+   The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+   copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 
-Creative Commons public licenses provide a standard set of terms and
+   THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-conditions that creators and other rights holders may use to share
+   IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-original works of authorship and other material subject to copyright
+   FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-and certain other rights specified in the public license below. The
+   AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-following considerations are for informational purposes only, are not
+   LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-exhaustive, and do not form part of our licenses.
+   OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+   SOFTWARE.
+
+The content (articles, images/media, etc) follow CC-BY-SA 4.0:
+
+   Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
+
+   =======================================================================
+
+   Creative Commons Corporation ("Creative Commons") is not a law firm and
+   does not provide legal services or legal advice. Distribution of
+   Creative Commons public licenses does not create a lawyer-client or
+   other relationship. Creative Commons makes its licenses and related
+   information available on an "as-is" basis. Creative Commons gives no
+   warranties regarding its licenses, any material licensed under their
+   terms and conditions, or any related information. Creative Commons
+   disclaims all liability for damages resulting from their use to the
+   fullest extent possible.
+
+   Using Creative Commons Public Licenses
+
+   Creative Commons public licenses provide a standard set of terms and
+   conditions that creators and other rights holders may use to share
+   original works of authorship and other material subject to copyright
+   and certain other rights specified in the public license below. The
+   following considerations are for informational purposes only, are not
+   exhaustive, and do not form part of our licenses.
 
         Considerations for licensors: Our public licenses are
         intended for use by those authorized to give the public
@@ -52,21 +76,23 @@ exhaustive, and do not form part of our licenses.
         for the public:
        wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensees
 
-=======================================================================
+   =======================================================================
 
-Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License
+   Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public
+   License
 
-By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree
+   By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree
-to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons
+   to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons
-Attribution 4.0 International Public License ("Public License"). To the
+   Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License ("Public
-extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are
+   License"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a
-granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of
+   contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your
-these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in
+   acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You
-consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the
+   such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from
-Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.
+   making the Licensed Material available under these terms and
+   conditions.
 
 
-Section 1 -- Definitions.
+   Section 1 -- Definitions.
 
      a. Adapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar
         Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material
@@ -82,7 +108,11 @@ Section 1 -- Definitions.
         and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in
         accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.
 
-  c. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights
+     c. BY-SA Compatible License means a license listed at
+        creativecommons.org/compatiblelicenses, approved by Creative
+        Commons as essentially the equivalent of this Public License.
+
+     d. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights
         closely related to copyright including, without limitation,
         performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database
         Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or
@@ -90,29 +120,33 @@ Section 1 -- Definitions.
         specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar
         Rights.
 
-  d. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the
+     e. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the
         absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws
         fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright
         Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international
         agreements.
 
-  e. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or
+     f. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or
         any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights
         that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.
 
-  f. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database,
+     g. License Elements means the license attributes listed in the name
+        of a Creative Commons Public License. The License Elements of this
+        Public License are Attribution and ShareAlike.
+
+     h. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database,
         or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public
         License.
 
-  g. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the
+     i. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the
         terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to
         all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the
         Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.
 
-  h. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights
+     j. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights
         under this Public License.
 
-  i. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or
+     k. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or
         process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such
         as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution,
         dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material
@@ -120,17 +154,17 @@ Section 1 -- Definitions.
         public may access the material from a place and at a time
         individually chosen by them.
 
-  j. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright
+     l. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright
         resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of
         the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases,
         as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially
         equivalent rights anywhere in the world.
 
-  k. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights
+     m. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights
         under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.
 
 
-Section 2 -- Scope.
+   Section 2 -- Scope.
 
      a. License grant.
 
@@ -172,7 +206,13 @@ Section 2 -- Scope.
                   Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this
                   Public License.
 
-            b. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose
+               b. Additional offer from the Licensor -- Adapted Material.
+                  Every recipient of Adapted Material from You
+                  automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to
+                  exercise the Licensed Rights in the Adapted Material
+                  under the conditions of the Adapter's License You apply.
+
+               c. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose
                   any additional or different terms or conditions on, or
                   apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the
                   Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the
@@ -207,10 +247,10 @@ Section 2 -- Scope.
              reserves any right to collect such royalties.
 
 
-Section 3 -- License Conditions.
+   Section 3 -- License Conditions.
 
-Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the
+   Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the
-following conditions.
+   following conditions.
 
      a. Attribution.
 
@@ -254,15 +294,30 @@ following conditions.
              information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent
              reasonably practicable.
 
-       4. If You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's
+     b. ShareAlike.
-          License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted
+
-          Material from complying with this Public License.
+        In addition to the conditions in Section 3(a), if You Share
+        Adapted Material You produce, the following conditions also apply.
+
+          1. The Adapter's License You apply must be a Creative Commons
+             license with the same License Elements, this version or
+             later, or a BY-SA Compatible License.
+
+          2. You must include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, the
+             Adapter's License You apply. You may satisfy this condition
+             in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and
+             context in which You Share Adapted Material.
+
+          3. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms
+             or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological
+             Measures to, Adapted Material that restrict exercise of the
+             rights granted under the Adapter's License You apply.
 
 
-Section 4 -- Sui Generis Database Rights.
+   Section 4 -- Sui Generis Database Rights.
 
-Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that
+   Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that
-apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:
+   apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:
 
      a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right
         to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial
@@ -271,17 +326,18 @@ apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:
      b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database
         contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database
         Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database
-     Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and
+        Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material,
+        including for purposes of Section 3(b); and
 
      c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share
         all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.
 
-For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not
+   For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not
-replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed
+   replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed
-Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.
+   Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.
 
 
-Section 5 -- Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.
+   Section 5 -- Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.
 
      a. UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE
         EXTENT POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS
@@ -310,7 +366,7 @@ Section 5 -- Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.
         waiver of all liability.
 
 
-Section 6 -- Term and Termination.
+   Section 6 -- Term and Termination.
 
      a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and
         Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with
@@ -339,7 +395,7 @@ Section 6 -- Term and Termination.
         License.
 
 
-Section 7 -- Other Terms and Conditions.
+   Section 7 -- Other Terms and Conditions.
 
      a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different
         terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.
@@ -349,7 +405,7 @@ Section 7 -- Other Terms and Conditions.
         independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.
 
 
-Section 8 -- Interpretation.
+   Section 8 -- Interpretation.
 
      a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and
         shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose
@@ -373,24 +429,23 @@ Section 8 -- Interpretation.
         processes of any jurisdiction or authority.
 
 
-=======================================================================
+   =======================================================================
 
-Creative Commons is not a party to its public
+   Creative Commons is not a party to its public
-licenses. Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of
+   licenses. Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of
-its public licenses to material it publishes and in those instances
+   its public licenses to material it publishes and in those instances
-will be considered the “Licensor.” The text of the Creative Commons
+   will be considered the "Licensor." The text of the Creative Commons
-public licenses is dedicated to the public domain under the CC0 Public
+   public licenses is dedicated to the public domain under the CC0 Public
-Domain Dedication. Except for the limited purpose of indicating that
+   Domain Dedication. Except for the limited purpose of indicating that
-material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as
+   material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as
-otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at
+   otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at
-creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the
+   creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the
-use of the trademark "Creative Commons" or any other trademark or logo
+   use of the trademark "Creative Commons" or any other trademark or logo
-of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including,
+   of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including,
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+   to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements,
-understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For
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+   the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the
-public licenses.
+   public licenses.
-
-Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org.
 
+   Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org.

README.md

@@ -2,7 +2,4 @@
 
 My personal website, generated using [Hugo](https://gohugo.io)
 
-## Discussions
+It is live at https://bbaovanc.com.
-
-Use [GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/discussions)
-for questions, ideas, discussions, etc. relating to me or my website.

assets/css/comments.css

@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ a.isso-author:hover,
     border: none;
     padding: 2px 4px;
     border-radius: 5px;
-    font-size: 100%;
+    /* thanks isso.css for setting this to 85% for whatever reason */
+    font-size: 0.75em;
 }
 
 .isso-input-wrapper input,

assets/css/search.css

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+/* put on body so it overrides the defaults set in :root by pagefind.css */
+body {
+    /* https://pagefind.app/docs/ui-usage/#customising-the-styles */
+    --pagefind-ui-background: var(--background-1);
+    --pagefind-ui-border: var(--background-2);
+    --pagefind-ui-primary: var(--link-0);
+    --pagefind-ui-tag: var(--background-1);
+    --pagefind-ui-text: var(--text-1);
+}

audit.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/bin/sh -x
+
+# AUDIT flag already skips compression and search generation
+HUGO_MINIFY_TDEWOLFF_HTML_KEEPCOMMENTS=true HUGO_ENABLEMISSINGTRANSLATIONPLACEHOLDERS=true hugo --buildDrafts --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings -d public.audit/
+
+# https://gohugo.io/troubleshooting/audit/
+! grep -inorE "<\!-- raw HTML omitted -->|ZgotmplZ|\[i18n\]|\(<nil>\)|(&lt;nil&gt;)|hahahugo" public.audit/
+
+# see layouts/baseof.html in bobatheme
+! grep -inorE "YUZSIQGHE" public.audit/
+
+rm -r public.audit/

build.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/bash -ex
+# POSIX sh doesn't have the time command
+
+[ -z "$DEST" ] && DEST="public/"
+rm -rf "$DEST"
+
+hugo --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings -d "$DEST" $@
+echo "$(git branch --show-current)-$(git describe --match='' --always --abbrev=0 --dirty)" > "$DEST"/version.txt
+
+if [ -z "$NO_SEARCH" ]; then
+    time pagefind --site "$DEST"
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$NO_COMPRESS" ]; then
+    export DEST
+    ./compress.sh
+fi

changed-urls.sh

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-diff -qrNtbB old/ new/ |
-    grep -oP '(?<=\s)new\/\S*' |
-    xargs -d '\n' ls -1d 2>/dev/null |
-    grep 'index.html$' |
-    sed 's/index.html$//' |
-    sed "s/^new/${SCHEME:=http}:\/\/${DOMAIN:=example.com}/"

compress.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
-#!/bin/sh
+#!/bin/bash
+# POSIX sh does not have time command so we must use bash
 
-files=$(find public/ -name "*.html" -o -name "*.xml" -o -name "*.css" -o -name "*.js" -o -name "*.svg")
+[ -z "$DEST" ] && echo "Please provide DEST variable for compress.sh" && exit 1
 
-printf '%s\n' "$files" | parallel $@ "echo 'GZIP {}' && gzip -fnk {}"
+files=$(find "$DEST" -name "*.html" -o -name "*.xml" -o -name "*.css" -o -name "*.js" -o -name "*.svg")
-printf '%s\n' "$files" | parallel $@ "echo 'BROTLI {}' && brotli -fZk {}"
+
+time printf '%s\n' "$files" | parallel $@ "echo 'GZIP {}' && gzip -fnk {}"
+time printf '%s\n' "$files" | parallel $@ "echo 'BROTLI {}' && brotli -fZk {}"
+# level 9 chosen based on `zstd -b1 -e22 public/blog/swapfile-guide/index.html`
+# gives a slightly better ratio than default (3)
+time printf '%s\n' "$files" | parallel $@ "echo 'ZSTD {}' && zstd -q -f -9 {}"

content/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,431 @@
+As stated in /LICENSE at the root of this repository, my website's
+content is licensed under CC-BY-SA 4.0:
+
+
+Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
+
+=======================================================================
+
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+does not provide legal services or legal advice. Distribution of
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+
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+
+Section 3 -- License Conditions.
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+
+       1. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified
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+                    warranties;
+
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+
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+               retain an indication of any previous modifications; and
+
+            c. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this
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+
+       2. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any
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+
+       3. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the
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+
+  b. ShareAlike.
+
+     In addition to the conditions in Section 3(a), if You Share
+     Adapted Material You produce, the following conditions also apply.
+
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+
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+
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+          or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological
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+
+
+Section 4 -- Sui Generis Database Rights.
+
+Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that
+apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:
+
+  a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right
+     to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial
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+
+  c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share
+     all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.
+
+For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not
+replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed
+Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.
+
+
+Section 5 -- Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.
+
+  a. UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE
+     EXTENT POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS
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+
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+
+  c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided
+     above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent
+     possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and
+     waiver of all liability.
+
+
+Section 6 -- Term and Termination.
+
+  a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and
+     Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with
+     this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License
+     terminate automatically.
+
+  b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under
+     Section 6(a), it reinstates:
+
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+          it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the
+          violation; or
+
+       2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor.
+
+     For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any
+     right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations
+     of this Public License.
+
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+     Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop
+     distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so
+     will not terminate this Public License.
+
+  d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public
+     License.
+
+
+Section 7 -- Other Terms and Conditions.
+
+  a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different
+     terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.
+
+  b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the
+     Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and
+     independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.
+
+
+Section 8 -- Interpretation.
+
+  a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and
+     shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose
+     conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully
+     be made without permission under this Public License.
+
+  b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is
+     deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the
+     minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision
+     cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License
+     without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and
+     conditions.
+
+  c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no
+     failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the
+     Licensor.
+
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+     as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities
+     that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal
+     processes of any jurisdiction or authority.
+
+
+=======================================================================
+
+Creative Commons is not a party to its public
+licenses. Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of
+its public licenses to material it publishes and in those instances
+will be considered the "Licensor." The text of the Creative Commons
+public licenses is dedicated to the public domain under the CC0 Public
+Domain Dedication. Except for the limited purpose of indicating that
+material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as
+otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at
+creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the
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+the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the
+public licenses.
+
+Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org.

content/_index.md

@@ -19,6 +19,16 @@ I occasionally write blog posts under the [blog section][blog-section].
 [hugo-website]: https://gohugo.io
 [blog-section]: {{< ref "/blog/" >}}
 
+## Contact
+
+You can contact me by emailing bbaovanc@bbaovanc.com ([PGP key][pgp-key] if
+encryption is needed), or on Mastodon at
+[bbaovanc@procursus.social][mastodon-account] (but I have some plans to
+replace Mastodon... stay tuned).
+
+[pgp-key]: https://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?search=bbaovanc%40bbaovanc.com&fingerprint=on&op=index
+[mastodon-account]: https://procursus.social/@bbaovanc
+
 ## Topics I write about
 
 I write mostly about technology, including:
@@ -27,7 +37,3 @@ I write mostly about technology, including:
 - Open Source Software
 - Programming
 - Web Development
-
-## My other website
-
-I also run another website: https://boba.best.

content/authors/bbaovanc/_index.md

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 title: bbaovanc
 issoUserID: 284513e38f5c
+twitter: bbaovanc
 
 ---
 

content/blog/_index.md

@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
 title: Blog
 
 description: >-
-  The home of my blog.
+  The home of my blog. This is where all my articles go under.
 
 ---

content/blog/allow-non-root-processes-to-bind-to-privileged-ports/index.md

@@ -9,15 +9,11 @@ comments: true
 authors:
   - bbaovanc
 
-aliases:
-  - posts/allow-non-root-processes-to-bind-to-privileged-ports/
-
 categories:
   - guides
-  - linux
 
 tags:
-  - gitea
+  - linux
   - systemd
 
 ---

content/blog/auditing-with-google-lighthouse-and-github-actions/index.md

@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ authors:
   - bbaovanc
 
 categories:
-  - devops
   - meta
 
 tags:
   - caddy
+  - devops
   - github-actions
   - google-lighthouse
 

content/blog/blog-post-newsletter/index.md

@@ -13,9 +13,6 @@ categories:
   - meta
 
 tags:
-  - bobanews
-  - listmonk
-  - newsletter
 
 # this will be shown for the article in list pages and in the page metadata
 # it can be either an image or video (this might change in the future, however)
@@ -42,8 +39,8 @@ I decided that I didn't really want to deal with the extra work of managing a
 newsletter so I've removed it. (I didn't actually get any sign-ups).
 {{< /aside >}}
 
-**See the ["Signing Up" section]({{< ref "#signing-up" >}}) for instructions on
+~~**See the ["Signing Up" section]({{< ref "#signing-up" >}}) for instructions
-how to sign up for the newsletter.**
+on how to sign up for the newsletter.**~~
 
 ## Choosing the right mailing list manager
 
@@ -83,14 +80,16 @@ I decided that I didn't really want to deal with the extra work of managing a
 newsletter so I've removed it. (I didn't actually get any sign-ups anyways.)
 {{< /aside >}}
 
-You can sign up to get emails about new posts on the [newsletter signup form
+For posterity, here's the old instructions.
-here](https://lists.bbaovanc.com/subscription/form). Make sure the box next to
-the list labeled `bbaovanc.com Blog Posts` is checked. You'll need to provide an
-email address, and optionally a nickname (or your real name if you want).
 
-Right now there's only one list with public signup enabled, but that may change
+> You can sign up to get emails about new posts on the [newsletter signup form
-if you're reading this in the future. In that case, you can sign up for as many
+> here](https://lists.bbaovanc.com/subscription/form). Make sure the box next to
-or as few lists as you want.
+> the list labeled `bbaovanc.com Blog Posts` is checked. You'll need to provide
+> an email address, and optionally a nickname (or your real name if you want).
+>
+> Right now there's only one list with public signup enabled, but that may
+> change if you're reading this in the future. In that case, you can sign up for
+> as many or as few lists as you want.
 
 
 

content/blog/caddy-is-the-best-webserver/index.md

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ authors:
   - bbaovanc
 
 categories:
-  - linux
+  - reviews
-  - sysadmin
-  - software
 
 tags:
   - caddy
+  - linux
+  - sysadmin
   - webserver
 
 resources:

content/blog/checkra1n-gui-on-other-distros/index.md

@@ -9,17 +9,11 @@ comments: true
 authors:
   - bbaovanc
 
-aliases:
-  - posts/checkra1n-gui-on-other-distros/
-
 categories:
   - guides
-  - jailbreak
-  - linux
 
 tags:
-  - arch-linux
+  - linux
-  - checkra1n
 
 resources:
   - name: feature

content/blog/discord-sex-hack/index.md

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ run text replacement commands. Here's a very simple example of what a basic
 
 [sed-wikipedia]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sed
 
-```bashsession
+```console
 $ sed 's/hello/goodbye/'
 ```
 
@@ -258,16 +258,22 @@ sequence, it would total 6970.
 ### Math challenge
 
 Any URL that matches [this regular expression][math-challenge-regex] will
-instead return a randomized math challenge:
+instead return a randomized math challenge. This means the URL can be
+`https://txnor.com/` followed by either `math`, `math_challenge`, or
+`mathchallenge`, a single optional slash, and then any text that's made up of
+only letters, numbers, underscores or hyphens.
 
 [math-challenge-regex]: https://regex101.com/r/ddEkML/1
 
 {{< figure src="math-challenge" >}}
 
 What's special is that the math challenge is [set to not be
-cached][math-challenge-caching].
+cached][math-challenge-caching]. That means that it
+*should*[^should-different-question] give everyone a different question.
 
 [math-challenge-caching]: https://github.com/rebane2001/txnor-server/blob/26c7c279b0b4668c8a3b061692d83c507aeac7c5/sex.py#L137
+[^should-different-question]: The caching behavior seems to be inconsistent, so
+    sometimes it does end up giving multiple people the same question.
 
 How it works is that when each person's Discord client sends a request to the
 Discord CDN to get the image, the client caches that image. That means each

content/blog/edited-in-middle-of-message-discord/index.md

@@ -9,9 +9,6 @@ comments: true
 authors:
   - bbaovanc
 
-aliases:
-  - posts/edited-in-middle-of-message-discord/
-
 categories:
   - guides
   - tips-and-tricks

content/blog/github-copilot-experiments/index.md

@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ authors:
   - bbaovanc
 
 categories:
-  - programming
+  - experiments
-  - tinkering
 
 tags:
   - github-copilot
+  - programming
 
 series:
   - github-copilot-experiments

content/blog/swapfile-guide/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+---
+
+title: How to create (or remove) a swapfile on Linux
+date: 2023-04-04T17:26:44-05:00
+lastmod: 2023-04-04T17:26:44-05:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+  - guides
+  - tips-and-tricks
+
+tags:
+  - linux
+  - linux-swap
+  - swapfile
+
+---
+
+A step-by-step tutorial on how to create or remove a swapfile on a Linux
+machine, and how to decide if you need one.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+## Should you use swap?
+
+A common misconception is that adding swap to your system can reduce
+performance. However, even if you aren't running out of RAM, it can still be
+beneficial to add swap.
+
+See these points according to [an article by Hayden James][always-add-swap]:
+
+> - Even if there is still available RAM, the Linux Kernel will **move memory
+>   pages that are hardly ever used** into swap space.
+>
+> - It’s better to swap out memory pages that have been inactive for a while,
+>   **keeping often-used data in cache**, and this should happen when the server
+>   is most idle, which is the aim of the Kernel.
+>
+> - Avoid setting your swap space too large if it will result in prolonging
+>   performance issues, outages, or your response time (without proper
+>   monitoring/alerts).
+
+[always-add-swap]: https://haydenjames.io/linux-performance-almost-always-add-swap-space/
+
+### Should you use a swap file or partition?
+
+Swap partitions should be preferred because swapfiles tend to be slower and
+slightly more complex to set up, especially if hibernating. A swapfile might be
+preferred due to its flexibility (ease to resize), but if you use
+[LVM][lvm-archwiki] then you can easily resize the swap partition anyways.
+
+[lvm-archwiki]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/LVM
+
+## Tutorial
+
+{{% include "snippets/console.md" %}}
+
+### Step 1: Create the file
+
+The first step is to allocate the file.
+
+```console
+# dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=[size in MiB] status=progress
+```
+
+Replace `[size in MiB]` with the size of your swapfile in Mebibytes (MiB). You
+can use [this online converter](https://www.convertunits.com/from/GiB/to/MiB) to
+convert from Gibibytes (GiB, often confused with Gigabytes, but that's a
+misconception for another time) to MiB, which you can put in the command.
+
+Or you can look at this table for common sizes:
+
+| GiB | MiB         |
+|-----|-------------|
+| 1   | count=1024  |
+| 2   | count=2048  |
+| 3   | count=3072  |
+| 4   | count=4096  |
+| 8   | count=8192  |
+| 16  | count=16384 |
+{.simple}
+
+If you aren't sure how big your swapfile should be, take a look at [Table 15.1
+on this Red Hat documentation page][redhat-swap-table]. Remember that if your
+first swapfile isn't large enough, you can create another one.
+
+[redhat-swap-table]: https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/storage_administration_guide/ch-swapspace#tb-recommended-system-swap-space
+
+On my computer I have 32 GiB of RAM and a 16 GiB swap partition, rather than
+swapfile, because I can flexibly expand the swap partition using
+[LVM][lvm-archwiki].
+
+{{< aside example >}}
+
+To create a swapfile 4 GiB in size, you would run:
+
+```console
+# dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096 status=progress
+4096+0 records in
+4096+0 records out
+4294967296 bytes (4.3 GB, 4.0 GiB) copied, 0.960183 s, 4.5 GB/s
+```
+
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+### Step 2: Change swapfile permissions
+
+The swapfile should only be readable by the system (`root` user). Run this
+command to change it:
+
+```console
+# chmod 600 /swapfile
+```
+
+### Step 3: Format the swapfile
+
+Use the `mkswap` command to format the file to be used as swap (basically just
+add a header to identify it):
+
+```console
+# mkswap /swapfile
+Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 4 GiB (4294963200 bytes)
+no label, UUID=a0b87eca-b951-4344-be2d-020d77cdef48
+```
+
+### Step 4: Create an entry in `/etc/fstab`
+
+An entry needs to be added to `/etc/fstab` for the swapfile to be enabled during
+bootup. Open `/etc/fstab` in a text editor, and add this line to the end (add
+spaces to line up with other entries if you want, whitespace is ignored):
+
+```text
+/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
+```
+
+{{< aside note >}}
+
+Above, I have filled the "options" field with `sw`. Some guides suggest using
+either `sw` or `defaults`. Neither of those options is valid for `swapon` and
+they are both ignored. However, the field does need to be filled out with
+something, so feel free to put something funny (do let me know in the comments
+if this somehow breaks something though).
+
+If you're curious, this is my `fstab` entry (`UUID` is because I use a swap
+partition, rather than swapfile):
+
+```text
+# /dev/mapper/bobavg0-swap
+UUID=4f7c3ae8-839b-4474-b8a5-96bd78db06f8 none swap bobaswap 0 0
+```
+
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+### Step 5: Enable the swapfile
+
+Adding the `fstab` entry won't enable the swapfile until a reboot. To enable it
+now, use the `swapon` command.
+
+```console
+# swapon /swapfile
+```
+
+### Finally: check the swap status
+
+Use `swapon` and `free` to verify that your new swapfile has been added:
+
+```console
+$ swapon --show
+NAME       TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
+/swapfile  file   4G   0B   -2
+
+$ free -h
+               total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
+Mem:            31Gi       3.6Gi        20Gi       233Mi       6.9Gi        26Gi
+Swap:          4.0Gi          0B       4.0Gi
+```
+
+{{< aside note >}}
+
+If you get an error saying that the `swapon` command was not found, try running
+it as `root` (using `sudo`). On Debian-based distributions the `swapon` command
+is not available to regular users.
+
+```console
+$ swapon --show
+bash: swapon: command not found
+
+# swapon --show
+NAME      TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
+/swapfile file   4G   0B   -2
+```
+
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+## Removing a swapfile
+
+{{< aside warning >}}
+
+Be careful that the swapfile isn't being highly used because once you run
+`swapoff`, it will dump the entire contents back into RAM and may cause you to
+run out of memory.
+
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+### Step 1: Disable/unload the swapfile
+
+```console
+$ swapon --show
+NAME       TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
+/swapfile  file   4G   0B   -2
+
+$ # the path to the swapfile I want to remove is `/swapfile`
+
+# swapoff /swapfile
+```
+
+### Step 2: Remove the entry from `fstab`
+
+Open `/etc/fstab` in a text editor and find the line matching the swapfile you
+want to remove, and delete it. For example:
+
+```text
+/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
+```
+
+### Step 3: Delete the actual file
+
+```console
+# rm /swapfile
+```
+
+## References
+
+### Use `dd` instead of `fallocate`
+
+See ["Files with holes" under the man page][swapon-holes-man].
+
+[swapon-holes-man]: https://man.archlinux.org/man/core/util-linux/swapon.8.en#Files_with_holes
+
+### The options field in fstab
+
+On Linux, `sw` doesn't mean anything for `swapon`, so it gets ignored. See:
+
+- [StackExchange answer 1](https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/365961/525130)
+- [StackExchange answer 2](https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/365954/525130)
+- [`parse_options` in the `swapon` source code](https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/blob/2ea397239683270a0fc8cd3b72ed5457f52dbda8/sys-utils/swapon.c#L699)
+- [options set by fstab `defaults` (none have any effect on `swapon`)](https://man.archlinux.org/man/fstab.5#The_fourth_field_(%3Ci%3Efs_mntops%3C/i%3E).)

content/blog/text-substitution-in-discord-using-sed/index.md

@@ -9,10 +9,6 @@ comments: true
 authors:
   - bbaovanc
 
-aliases:
-  - /blog/posts/sed-text-substitution-in-discord/
-  - /blog/posts/text-substitution-in-discord-using-sed/
-
 categories:
   - tips-and-tricks
 

content/blog/using-github-copilot-to-write-a-blog-post/index.md

@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ word or two, and Copilot turned it into a couple sentences.
 
 ## The finished product
 
-The actual blog post written by Copilot is available [here]({{< ref "../copilot-post/" >}}).
+The actual blog post written by Copilot is available [here]({{< ref "/blog/copilot-post/" >}}).

content/blog/youtube-url-structures-you-should-know/index.md

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ categories:
   - tips-and-tricks
 
 tags:
-  - query-parameters
   - url-structures
   - youtube
 
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ resources:
       [What is a
       URL?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Common_questions/What_is_a_URL#parameters)
       by [Mozilla
-      Contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Common_questions/What_is_a_URL/contributors.txt)
+      Contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Common_questions/Web_mechanics/What_is_a_URL/contributors.txt)
       is licensed under [CC-BY-SA
       2.5](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/)
 

content/categories/_index.md

@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ title: Categories
 
 ---
 
-List of categories on my website. These are different types or styles of posts.
+Categories are the different types or styles of posts.

content/categories/experiments/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+
+title: Experiments
+
+---
+
+These posts are less planned and instead focus around exploring something to
+understand it better.
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/jailbreak/_index.md

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Jailbreak
-
----
-
-Anything related to jailbreaking (iOS or other Apple devices).
-
-<!--more-->

content/categories/reviews/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+
+title: Reviews
+
+---
+
+Posts that review stuff.
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/software/_index.md

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Software
-
----
-
-Posts that discuss/review various programs.
-
-<!--more-->

content/categories/tinkering/_index.md

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Tinkering
-
----
-
-Posts where I experiment with things.
-
-<!--more-->

content/contact/index.md

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Contact
-menu: main
-toc: false
-comments: true
-
-authors:
-  - bbaovanc
-
-description: >-
-  Want to contact me? Here's how you can.
-
----
-
-- Email: bbaovanc@bbaovanc.com
-  - If needed, encrypt your email with [my PGP
-    key](https://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?search=bbaovanc%40bbaovanc.com&fingerprint=on&op=index)
-- GitHub Discussions (Q&A):
-  https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/discussions/categories/q-a

content/donate/index.md

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Donate
-menu: main
-toc: false
-comments: true
-
-authors:
-  - bbaovanc
-
-description: >-
-  I have a few cryptocurrency addresses that you can use if you want to donate
-  to me.
-
----
-
-## Cryptocurrency Addresses
-
-Nano: `nano_1ewtme68x5gia1bjq3jx1ku5pcxzayipdxjmjrc3x8qjjpat4ria8ajhjoxd`
-
-Bitcoin: `bc1qj6h8z2tg9nxcl9ddnv9k798cru6asr6cpmj84m`
-
-Ethereum: `0x80DaED7e2BEF5d894b37fBd79d0609aa17c8Cabc`
-
-Monero: `45gGauNcWLNSobRMzk3rtfEpad7gGcEvegxCbEm6QYENdG4vag3fCVuFoKfdKSESeSEKyUNRGwAJyLaCQ6MC5AQ79DGcaRq`

content/links/index.md

@@ -8,36 +8,41 @@ comments: true
 authors:
   - bbaovanc
 
-aliases:
-  - /blog/links/
-
 description: >-
   A page with links to a lot of my different projects.
 
 ---
 
-## Other
+## Profiles
 
-- [GitHub](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/) - my GitHub profile
+- [GitHub](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/) - my GitHub account
-- [boba.best](https://boba.best/)
 
 ## My Website
 
 - [bbaovanc.com source code](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com)
-- [bobatheme](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobatheme) - theme for this
+- [bobatheme](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobatheme) - theme for this website
-  website
+- [demo.bbaovanc.com](https://demo.bbaovanc.com) - previews of pull requests to my website
-- [Searx Instance](https://search.bbaovanc.com/) - privacy-respecting search
+
-  engine
+Also see [Isso](https://github.com/posativ/isso), which is currently the comment
-- [Gitea Instance](https://git.bbaovanc.com/) - mostly just mirrors of my GitHub
+system I use on my website.
-  repos
+
+### Other Websites
+
+- [git.bbaovanc.com](https://git.bbaovanc.com) - mostly just mirrors of my GitHub repos
+- [plausible.bbaovanc.com](https://plausible.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc.com) -
+  anonymous analytics on my website
+- [share.boba.best](https://share.boba.best) - temporary file uploader
+- [status.bbaovanc.com](https://status.bbaovanc.com) - my status page
 
 ## My Projects
 
-- [smines](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/smines) - TUI minesweeper in C, made for
+- [bobashare](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobashare) - simple file sharing
-  practice
+  server, runs https://share.boba.best
+- [bobascheme](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobascheme) - theme I use on my
+  terminal and editors
+- [smines](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/smines) - terminal-based minesweeper in C
 - [imgupload.py](https://github.com/imgupload-py/imgupload.py) - simple image
   uploading server written with Python Flask
-- [mojiman](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/mojiman) - program I made to learn Rust
 - [pynamegen](https://git.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc/pynamegen) - name generator
   written in Python
   - [libnamegen](https://git.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc/libnamegen)
@@ -46,16 +51,25 @@ description: >-
 - [RokuRemote](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/RokuRemote) - keyboard-based remote
   control for Roku
 
+### Minecraft Plugins
+
+- [bobawhitelist](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobawhitelist) - global whitelist
+  plugin for the [Velocity](https://github.com/PaperMC/Velocity) proxy
+- [GlobalJoinLeave](https://github.com/bobacraft/GlobalJoinLeave) - global
+  join/leave messages on Velocity
+- [velocitab](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/velocitab) - global tab list plugin
+  for Velocity
+- [velocity-chat](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/velocity-chat) - global chat
+  plugin for Velocity
+
 ## My Configurations
 
 - [dotfiles](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dotfiles) - main repository with my
   configs
 - [docker-dotfiles](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/docker-dotfiles) - Docker image
   that contains my dotfiles
-- [onehalf](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/onehalf) - the theme I use on my
-  terminal
 
-### Archived
+### Historical configurations
 
 - [dwm](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/.dwm) - outer repo with submodules for my
   various dwm-related configs
@@ -71,4 +85,5 @@ description: >-
     https://tools.suckless.org/slstatus/
   - [dwm](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dwm) - dynamic window manager, see
     https://dwm.suckless.org/
+- [onehalf](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/onehalf) - nice theme that I used to use
 - [xmonad](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/.xmonad) - see https://xmonad.org

content/search/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+
+title: Search
+layout: search
+menus:
+  main:
+    name: Search
+
+---
+
+Quickly search the full text of any article on my website! Powered by
+[Pagefind](https://pagefind.app/).

content/series/_index.md

@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ title: Series
 
 ---
 
-List of series, which are sequences of closely related posts.
+Series are groups of closely related posts, often with some ordering to them.

content/snippets/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+title: Snippets
+cascade:
+  build:
+    list: never
+    publishResources: false
+    render: never
+---

content/snippets/console.md

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-{{< aside tip >}}
+---
+title: Console command prefix formatting explanation
+---
+
+{{< aside info >}}
 
 Commands in this article are prefixed them with a prompt symbol (either `$` or
 `#`) which is not part of the command. Lines with no prompt symbol are output
@@ -6,7 +10,7 @@ from the command.
 
 The `#` means to run it as `root` (usually using `sudo`):
 
-```bashsession
+```console
 $ ls /var/lib/docker
 ls: cannot open directory '/var/lib/docker': Permission denied
 
@@ -17,6 +21,8 @@ $ # regular users aren't allowed to view /var/lib/docker, we need root
 builder   containerd  image    overlay2  runtimes  tmp	 volumes
 buildkit  containers  network  plugins	swarm	  trust
 
+$ # we can do the same thing using sudo
+
 $ sudo ls /var/lib/docker
 [sudo] password for bbaovanc:
 builder   containerd  image    overlay2  runtimes  tmp	 volumes

content/tags/_index.md

@@ -4,5 +4,4 @@ title: Tags
 
 ---
 
-List of tags on my website. These are specific things or ideas that I talk about
+Tags are the specific topics that a post deals with.
-in a post.

content/tags/arch-linux/_index.md

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Arch Linux
-
----
-
-A Linux distribution which aims to be lightweight, flexible, and simple. See
-https://archlinux.org for more information.
-
-<!--more-->

content/tags/bobanews/_index.md

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: bobanews
-
----
-
-The main name for my newsletter. I recommend you read the [blog post I wrote
-about it][newsletter-post].
-
-[newsletter-post]: {{< ref "/blog/blog-post-newsletter" >}}
-
-<!--more-->

content/tags/checkra1n/_index.md

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: checkra1n
-
----
-
-An [iOS jailbreak][ios-jailbreaking] which supports the iPhone 4s to the iPhone
-X. See the [official checkra1n website][checkra1n-website] for more information.
-
-[ios-jailbreaking]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_jailbreaking
-[checkra1n-website]: https://checkra.in/
-
-<!--more-->

content/tags/gitea/_index.md

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Gitea
-
----
-
-Gitea is a lightweight self-hosted Git service similar to GitHub. I use it on
-[bbaovanc's Gitea][bbaovanc-gitea] and [bobatea][bobatea].
-
-[bbaovanc-gitea]: https://git.bbaovanc.com
-[bobatea]: https://git.boba.best
-
-<!--more-->

content/tags/linux-swap/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+
+title: Swap (Linux)
+
+---
+
+Swap space is storage on your drive that can be used as virtual memory when the
+system is running low on physical memory (RAM). It is also used when hibernating
+(suspend to disk).
+
+<!--more-->
+
+More information: https://haydenjames.io/linux-performance-almost-always-add-swap-space/

content/tags/listmonk/_index.md

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: listmonk
-
----
-
-A self-hosted newsletter manager which I use to handle my blog post newsletter.
-Read [this blog post][newsletter-blog-post] for more information.
-
-[newsletter-blog-post]: {{< ref "/blog/blog-post-newsletter" >}}
-
-<!--more-->

content/tags/newsletter/_index.md

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Newsletter
-
----
-
-Blog posts related to my newsletter.
-
-<!--more-->
-
-You can sign up for my newsletter [using this signup form][signup-form]. Make
-sure that you tick the box labeled `bbaovanc.com Blog Posts`. A nickname (or
-your real name if you prefer) is optional.
-
-[signup-form]: https://lists.bbaovanc.com/subscription/form

content/tags/query-parameters/_index.md

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Query Parameters
-
----
-
-Query parameters are a map of fields and values after the question mark in a
-URL.
-
-<!--more-->
-
-Optionally provide more information about the tag here. This part will only show
-on the tag page, not on the tags list page.
-
-If you delete this section, DO NOT delete the summary separator (`<!--more-->`)
-or else the summary won't be shown.

content/tags/swapfile/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+---
+
+title: swapfile
+
+---
+
+A swapfile is a file that gives your system more [swap]({{< relref
+"../linux-swap" >}}) space, which is used when the system is running low on RAM,
+or when hibernating.
+
+<!--more-->

demo.sh

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-#!/bin/sh -x
+#!/bin/sh -ex
-rm -rf public/
+[ -z "$1" ] && echo "Please give a demo name" && exit 1
-HUGO_ENABLEMISSINGTRANSLATIONPLACEHOLDERS=true hugo -D --baseURL "https://demo.bbaovanc.com/test/$1"
+./audit.sh
-rsync -avPzc --delete-delay public/ bbaosrv:/var/www/demo.bbaovanc.com/test/$1/
+DEST=public.demo/ ./build.sh --baseURL "https://demo.bbaovanc.com/test/$1"
+rsync -avPzc --delete-delay public.demo/ bbaosrv:/var/www/demo.bbaovanc.com/test/$1/

hugo.yaml

@@ -1,21 +1,29 @@
 baseURL: https://bbaovanc.com
 theme: bobatheme
 defaultContentLanguage: en
-copyright: '&copy; 2021-2023 bbaovanc <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a>'
+copyright: >
+  <p>
+    &copy; 2021-2025 bbaovanc <a rel="license noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>
+  </p>
 sectionPagesMenu: main
 enableRobotsTXT: true
-paginate: 10
 enableGitInfo: true
 
+pagination:
+  pagerSize: 10
+
 taxonomies:
   _merge: deep
 
-author:
-  name: bbaovanc
-
 markup: # this just keeps the bobatheme markup styling
   _merge: deep
 
+outputs:
+  _merge: deep
+
+outputFormats:
+  _merge: deep
+
 related:
   includeNewer: true
   indices:
@@ -31,6 +39,14 @@ related:
   toLower: true
 
 params:
+  author:
+    # used in archetypes
+    name: bbaovanc
+
+  social:
+    # twitter:site field
+    twitter: bbaovanc
+
   # these are for the OpenGraph/Twitter embeds in Hugo
   description: My personal website
 
@@ -58,9 +74,6 @@ params:
     telegram: true
     print: true
 
-  # show "Latest Posts" section at bottom of content pages
-  # latestPostsOnContent: true
-
 
   footer: >-
     See the [anonymous and privacy-friendly
@@ -80,5 +93,5 @@ languages:
     menu:
       main:
         - identifier: status-page
-          name: Status Page
+          name: Status
           url: https://status.bbaovanc.com

layouts/_partials/additional-head.html

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+{{ if not hugo.IsServer }}
+    <script defer data-domain="bbaovanc.com" src="https://plausible.bbaovanc.com/js/bobalytics.outbound-links.js"></script>
+    <script>window.plausible = window.plausible || function() { (window.plausible.q = window.plausible.q || []).push(arguments) }</script>
+{{ end }}
+
+{{ with resources.Get "js/share-event.js" | fingerprint "sha512" }}
+    <script defer src="{{ .Permalink }}" integrity="{{ .Data.Integrity }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
+{{ end }}
+
+{{ if eq .Layout "search" }}
+    {{ with resources.Get "css/search.css" | fingerprint "sha512" }}
+        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ .Permalink }}" integrity="{{ .Data.Integrity }}" crossorigin="anonymous">
+    {{ end }}
+
+    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ absURL "pagefind/pagefind-ui.css" }}" crossorigin="anonymous">
+    <script src="{{ absURL "pagefind/pagefind-ui.js" }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
+    <script>
+        window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', (event) => {
+            new PagefindUI({ element: "#search-box", showSubResults: true });
+        });
+    </script>
+{{ end }}
+
+<link rel="me" href="https://procursus.social/@bbaovanc" />

layouts/_partials/comments.html

@@ -3,12 +3,10 @@
 {{ end }}
 
 <h2 style="margin-bottom: 0;">Comments</h2>
-<small>
+<p style="margin: 0; font-size: smaller;">
-    <p style="margin: 0;">
     If you provide an email address, you can enable notifications for
     replies to your comment. It will not be shown publicly.
-    </p>
+</p>
-</small>
 
 <noscript>
     <i>Enable JavaScript to see the comment section.</i>
@@ -25,8 +23,8 @@
 <script data-isso-id="{{ $url }}"
         data-isso-default-lang="{{ .Language.Lang }}"
         data-isso-css="true"
-        data-isso-max-comments-top="10"
+        data-isso-max-comments-top="inf"
-        data-isso-max-comments-nested="5"
+        data-isso-max-comments-nested="inf"
         data-isso-reveal-on-click="5"
         {{/*
         data-isso-avatar-bg="#111"

layouts/_partials/page-metadata/custom-full.html

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{{/* TODO: implement this
+<span class="page-metadata-item" aria-label="comments counter">
+    <a href="#isso-thread">comments</a>
+</span>
+*/}}

layouts/partials/additional-head.html

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-{{ if eq .Site.BaseURL "https://bbaovanc.com" }}
-    <script defer data-domain="bbaovanc.com" src="https://plausible.bbaovanc.com/js/bobalytics.outbound-links.js"></script>
-    <script>window.plausible = window.plausible || function() { (window.plausible.q = window.plausible.q || []).push(arguments) }</script>
-{{ end }}

layouts/search.html

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{{ define "main" }}
+    <div id="search-box"></div>
+{{ end }}

lighthouserc.yaml

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-ci:
-  collect:
-    startServerCommand: sudo caddy run
-    settings:
-      chromeFlags: "--ignore-certificate-errors --throttling.cpuSlowdownMultiplier=2.4"

staging.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/bin/sh -ex
+[ -z "$1" ] && echo "Please give a demo name" && exit 1
+./audit.sh
+DEST=public.staging/ ./build.sh --baseURL "https://demo.bbaovanc.com/staging/$1"
+rsync -avPzc --delete-delay public.staging/ bbaosrv:/var/www/demo.bbaovanc.com/staging/$1/