Add a comment before the sudo command

- Remove credit.html partial
- Reorganize summary template files
- Fix margin around post-title
- Remove series position indicator
- :3

.github/workflows/audit.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+name: Audit
+
+on:
+  push:
+  pull_request:
+
+jobs:
+  lighthouse:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Setup Hugo
+        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
+        with:
+          hugo-version: latest
+          extended: true
+
+      - name: Checkout (pull_request)
+        if: github.event.pull_request
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.ref }}
+
+      - name: Checkout (push)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          ref: ${{ github.event.before }}
+
+      - name: Build previous commit
+        run: |
+          hugo --buildDrafts --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings --baseURL https://localhost -d old/
+
+      - name: Checkout current commit
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          clean: false
+
+      - name: Build current commit
+        run: |
+          hugo --buildDrafts --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings --baseURL https://localhost
+          cp -r public/ new/
+          # copy, so that public/ stays, it will be needed for Caddy to serve
+
+      - name: Save full diff
+        run: diff -r old/ new/ | tee changes.diff || true
+
+      - name: Upload full diff
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          name: diff
+          path: changes.diff
+
+      - name: Find changed URLs
+        id: changed_urls
+        env:
+          SCHEME: https
+          DOMAIN: localhost
+        run: |
+          urls="$(./changed-urls.sh)"
+          echo "urls<<EOM" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "$urls" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "EOM" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo -e "CHANGED:\n$urls"
+
+      - name: Install Caddy
+        if: "${{ steps.changed_urls.outputs.urls != '' }}"
+        run: |
+          sudo apt install -y debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring apt-transport-https
+          curl -1sLf 'https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/caddy/stable/gpg.key' | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/caddy-stable-archive-keyring.gpg
+          curl -1sLf 'https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/caddy/stable/debian.deb.txt' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/caddy-stable.list
+          sudo apt update
+          sudo apt install caddy
+          sudo systemctl disable --now caddy
+
+      - name: Compress
+        if: "${{ steps.changed_urls.outputs.urls != '' }}"
+        run: time ./compress.sh
+
+      - name: Audit using Lighthouse
+        if: "${{ steps.changed_urls.outputs.urls != '' }}"
+        uses: treosh/lighthouse-ci-action@v9
+        with:
+          uploadArtifacts: true
+          configPath: ./lighthouserc.yaml
+          runs: 3
+          serverBaseUrl: https://lhci.bbaovanc.com/
+          # this should be safe since it only allows adding (not deleting) data
+          serverToken: 2fca0410-95ae-4ea9-8dc6-687ed7843a3a
+          urls: ${{ steps.changed_urls.outputs.urls }}
+
+
+  audit:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          ref: ${{github.event.pull_request.head.ref}}
+          repository: ${{github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name}}
+
+      - name: Setup Hugo
+        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
+        with:
+          hugo-version: latest
+          extended: true
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+          HUGO_MINIFY_TDEWOLFF_HTML_KEEPCOMMENTS=true HUGO_ENABLEMISSINGTRANSLATIONPLACEHOLDERS=true hugo --buildDrafts --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings
+
+      # For the following steps, see
+      # https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/audit-your-published-site-for-problems/35184
+
+      - name: Audit - raw HTML
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ! grep -inorE "<\!-- raw HTML omitted -->" public/
+
+      - name: Audit - ZgotmplZ (unsafe URL content)
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ! grep -inorE "ZgotmplZ" public/
+
+      #- name: Audit - missing translations
+      #  if: always()
+      #  run: |
+      #    ! grep -inorE "\[i18n\]" public/
+
+      - name: Audit - nil values in printf
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ! grep -inorE "\(<nil>\)" public/
+
+      - name: Audit - nil values in printf without safeHTML
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ! grep -inorE "(&lt;nil&gt;)" public/
+
+      - name: Audit - HAHAHUGO
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ! grep -inorE "hahahugo" public/

.github/workflows/deploy.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 name: Deploy
 
 on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
   push:
     branches:
       - master
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
       url: https://bbaovanc.com
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
         with:
           submodules: recursive
           fetch-depth: 0
@@ -25,20 +26,28 @@ jobs:
           extended: true
 
       - name: Build
-        run: hugo --i18n-warnings --path-warnings
+        run: hugo --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings
 
       - name: Compress
         run: |
           time sudo ./compress.sh
 
+      - name: Setup SSH
+        uses: kielabokkie/ssh-key-and-known-hosts-action@v1
+        with:
+          ssh-private-key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY }}
+          ssh-host: srv.bbaovanc.com
+          ssh-port: 2222
+
       - name: Upload
         uses: up9cloud/action-rsync@v1
         env:
-          HOST: bbaovanc.com
+          HOST: srv.bbaovanc.com
           USER: droneci
           PORT: 2222
           SOURCE: public/
           MODE: push
           VERBOSE: true
           KEY: ${{secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY}}
-          TARGET: /var/www/bbaovanc/public/
+          TARGET: /var/www/bbaovanc.com/public/
+          ARGS: -avPzc --delete-delay --exclude=/.git/ --exclude=/.github/

.github/workflows/pull_request.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
         with:
           submodules: recursive
           fetch-depth: 0
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ jobs:
           token: ${{ github.token }}
           env: pr-${{ github.event.number }}
           ref: ${{ github.head_ref }}
+          no_override: false
 
       - name: Setup Hugo
         uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
@@ -35,23 +36,31 @@ jobs:
           extended: true
 
       - name: Build
-        run: hugo --i18n-warnings --path-warnings --baseURL "https://demo.bbaovanc.com/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}"
+        run: hugo --printI18nWarnings --printPathWarnings --baseURL "https://demo.bbaovanc.com/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}" --buildDrafts
 
       - name: Compress
         run: |
           time sudo ./compress.sh
 
+      - name: Setup SSH
+        uses: kielabokkie/ssh-key-and-known-hosts-action@v1
+        with:
+          ssh-private-key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY }}
+          ssh-host: srv.bbaovanc.com
+          ssh-port: 2222
+
       - name: Upload
         uses: up9cloud/action-rsync@v1
         env:
-          HOST: bbaovanc.com
+          HOST: srv.bbaovanc.com
           USER: droneci
           PORT: 2222
           SOURCE: public/
           MODE: push
           VERBOSE: true
           KEY: ${{secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY}}
-          TARGET: /var/www/demo/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}/
+          TARGET: /var/www/demo.bbaovanc.com/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}/
+          ARGS: -avPzc --delete-delay --exclude=/.git/ --exclude=/.github/
 
       - name: Finish deployment
         uses: bobheadxi/deployments@v0.6.0

.github/workflows/pull_request_cleanup.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 name: Pull Request Cleanup
 
 on:
-  pull_request:
+  pull_request_target:
     types:
       - closed
 
@@ -13,15 +13,17 @@ jobs:
         uses: kielabokkie/ssh-key-and-known-hosts-action@v1
         with:
           ssh-private-key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY }}
-          ssh-host: bbaovanc.com
+          ssh-host: srv.bbaovanc.com
           ssh-port: 2222
 
       - name: Delete pull request on server
         run:
-          ssh -p 2222 droneci@bbaovanc.com rm -r /var/www/demo/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}/
+          ssh -p 2222 droneci@srv.bbaovanc.com rm -r /var/www/demo.bbaovanc.com/pull_request/${{ github.event.number }}/
 
-      - name: Delete deployment
-        uses: strumwolf/delete-deployment-environment@v2
+      - name: Deactivate deployment
+        uses: bobheadxi/deployments@v0.6.0
         with:
+          step: deactivate-env
           token: ${{ github.token }}
-          environment: pr-${{ github.event.number }}
+          env: pr-${{ github.event.number }}
+          desc: Deployment was pruned

.gitignore

@@ -14,3 +14,8 @@ hugo.darwin
 hugo.linux
 
 # End of https://www.toptal.com/developers/gitignore/api/hugo
+
+/.hugo_build.lock
+
+# My private drafts
+/content/blog/drafts/

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -1,69 +1,29 @@
 # Contributing to bobatheme
 
-## Where to put stuff
+## Where to put questions/issues/etc
 
-### Discussions
+Use the [GitHub Discussions forum][github-discussions-url] for any questions,
+or ideas. Use the "Q&A" section for both questions and issues as well.
 
-The best place to ask questions or have discussions is the (relatively new)
-discussions feature on GitHub, available
-[here](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/discussions). It's not too big
-of an issue though because discussions and issues can easily be converted
-between eachother.
-
-### Issues
-
-Issues should be used only for, well, issues. Ignore all the placeholder ones
-prefixed with "Translate:" and tagged with the "translation" tag as they are
-placeholders used in the projects tab. I might mark them as closed in the future
-to clean it up but I'll worry about that later.
-
-### Translations
-
-Discussion relating to translations should either go as comments or reviews on
-the pull request adding the translation, or as a discussion under the
-[Translations category](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/discussions/categories/translations).
-
-## Writing translations
-
-Translations should aim to get the meaning as close as possible to original
-document. The changes in a translation pull request *should*:
-
-- only update one page (multiple pages should be split into separate pull
-  requests)
-- only contain changes for a single new file (no changes unrelated to
-  translation)
-- thoroughly compared to the original text in order to get the same meaning
-  across
-
-## Pull requests
-
-### Commit messages
-
-It's not too big of a deal what you put in your commit messages, but try to give
-each commit a rough description of what it changes. I'll use squash merges most
-of the time anyways.
-
-### Description
-
-If the pull request doesn't require any extra information in addition to the
-title, you can probably leave the description blank. Otherwise you can put some
-information, just try to keep it concise; it's better to read a couple sentences
-than an entire essay with the same amount of information.
+[github-discussions-url]: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/discussions
 
 ## Building
 
-## Automatic deploy previews with Netlify
+Just in case you need it.
 
-Netlify will automatically build each pull request into a public deploy preview,
-and will link it in a comment.
+## Automatic deploy previews with GitHub Actions
+
+My GitHub Actions workflows will automatically build each pull request into a
+public deploy preview on demo.bbaovanc.com, and will link it in a comment.
 
 ## Manual (local) building
 
 You can also build the site yourself using Hugo, including a live local preview.
 
-1. Make sure you install the latest version of Hugo, or at least the
+1. Make sure you install the latest version of Hugo, or hopefully at least the
    `min_version` listed in
    [theme.toml](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobatheme/blob/master/theme.toml#L11).
+   Let me know if that minimum version isn't enough and I'll fix it.
 2. Clone the repo
 3. Make sure to download and checkout the submodules (use `git submodule update
    --init --recursive`). The `--recursive` flag is especially important because

Caddyfile

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# vim: ft=caddyfile
+
+https://localhost {
+    header Cache-Control no-cache
+    root * public/
+    file_server {
+        precompressed br gzip
+    }
+}

LICENSE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
+Attribution 4.0 International
 
 =======================================================================
 
@@ -54,18 +54,16 @@ exhaustive, and do not form part of our licenses.
 
 =======================================================================
 
-Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public
-License
+Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License
 
 By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree
 to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons
-Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License ("Public
-License"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a
-contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your
-acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You
-such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from
-making the Licensed Material available under these terms and
-conditions.
+Attribution 4.0 International Public License ("Public License"). To the
+extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are
+granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of
+these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in
+consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the
+Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.
 
 
 Section 1 -- Definitions.
@@ -84,11 +82,7 @@ Section 1 -- Definitions.
      and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in
      accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.
 
-  c. BY-SA Compatible License means a license listed at
-     creativecommons.org/compatiblelicenses, approved by Creative
-     Commons as essentially the equivalent of this Public License.
-
-  d. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights
+  c. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights
      closely related to copyright including, without limitation,
      performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database
      Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or
@@ -96,33 +90,29 @@ Section 1 -- Definitions.
      specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar
      Rights.
 
-  e. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the
+  d. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the
      absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws
      fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright
      Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international
      agreements.
 
-  f. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or
+  e. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or
      any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights
      that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.
 
-  g. License Elements means the license attributes listed in the name
-     of a Creative Commons Public License. The License Elements of this
-     Public License are Attribution and ShareAlike.
-
-  h. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database,
+  f. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database,
      or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public
      License.
 
-  i. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the
+  g. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the
      terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to
      all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the
      Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.
 
-  j. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights
+  h. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights
      under this Public License.
 
-  k. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or
+  i. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or
      process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such
      as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution,
      dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material
@@ -130,13 +120,13 @@ Section 1 -- Definitions.
      public may access the material from a place and at a time
      individually chosen by them.
 
-  l. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright
+  j. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright
      resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of
      the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases,
      as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially
      equivalent rights anywhere in the world.
 
-  m. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights
+  k. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights
      under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.
 
 
@@ -182,13 +172,7 @@ Section 2 -- Scope.
                Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this
                Public License.
 
-            b. Additional offer from the Licensor -- Adapted Material.
-               Every recipient of Adapted Material from You
-               automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to
-               exercise the Licensed Rights in the Adapted Material
-               under the conditions of the Adapter's License You apply.
-
-            c. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose
+            b. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose
                any additional or different terms or conditions on, or
                apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the
                Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the
@@ -270,24 +254,9 @@ following conditions.
           information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent
           reasonably practicable.
 
-  b. ShareAlike.
-
-     In addition to the conditions in Section 3(a), if You Share
-     Adapted Material You produce, the following conditions also apply.
-
-       1. The Adapter's License You apply must be a Creative Commons
-          license with the same License Elements, this version or
-          later, or a BY-SA Compatible License.
-
-       2. You must include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, the
-          Adapter's License You apply. You may satisfy this condition
-          in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and
-          context in which You Share Adapted Material.
-
-       3. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms
-          or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological
-          Measures to, Adapted Material that restrict exercise of the
-          rights granted under the Adapter's License You apply.
+       4. If You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's
+          License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted
+          Material from complying with this Public License.
 
 
 Section 4 -- Sui Generis Database Rights.
@@ -302,9 +271,8 @@ apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:
   b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database
      contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database
      Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database
-     Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material,
+     Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and
 
-     including for purposes of Section 3(b); and
   c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share
      all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.
 
@@ -407,21 +375,22 @@ Section 8 -- Interpretation.
 
 =======================================================================
 
-Creative Commons is not a party to its public licenses.
-Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of its public
-licenses to material it publishes and in those instances will be
-considered the “Licensor.” The text of the Creative Commons public
-licenses is dedicated to the public domain under the CC0 Public Domain
-Dedication. Except for the limited purpose of indicating that material
-is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as otherwise
-permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at
+Creative Commons is not a party to its public
+licenses. Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of
+its public licenses to material it publishes and in those instances
+will be considered the “Licensor.” The text of the Creative Commons
+public licenses is dedicated to the public domain under the CC0 Public
+Domain Dedication. Except for the limited purpose of indicating that
+material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as
+otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at
 creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the
 use of the trademark "Creative Commons" or any other trademark or logo
 of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including,
 without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized modifications
 to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements,
 understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For
-the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the public
-licenses.
+the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the
+public licenses.
 
 Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org.
+

README.md

@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
 # bbaovanc.com
 
 My personal website, generated using [Hugo](https://gohugo.io)
+
+## Discussions
+
+Use [GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/discussions)
+for questions, ideas, discussions, etc. relating to me or my website.

assets/css/comments.css

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/* Isso styling */
+h4.isso-thread-heading {
+    color: var(--text-0);
+    margin-bottom: 8px;
+}
+
+.isso-comment:not(:first-of-type),
+.isso-follow-up .isso-comment {
+    border-color: var(--background-3);
+}
+
+.isso-author,
+.isso-page-author-suffix,
+.isso-comment-footer,
+.isso-comment-footer .isso-votes {
+    color: var(--text-gray-0);
+}
+
+.isso-comment-header .isso-spacer,
+.isso-spacer:hover,
+.isso-permalink,
+.isso-permalink:hover {
+    color: var(--text-gray-1) !important;
+}
+a.isso-author:hover,
+.isso-permalink:hover {
+    text-decoration: underline !important;
+}
+
+.isso-comment.isso-is-page-author > .isso-text-wrapper {
+    background-color: var(--background-accent-1);
+}
+
+.isso-feedlink:hover,
+.isso-reply {
+    color: var(--link-0) !important;
+    text-shadow: unset !important;
+}
+.isso-reply:hover {
+    text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+.isso-text pre,
+.isso-text :not(pre) > code {
+    background-color: var(--background-2);
+    border: none;
+    padding: 2px 4px;
+    border-radius: 5px;
+    /* thanks isso.css for setting this to 85% for whatever reason */
+    font-size: 0.75em;
+}
+
+.isso-input-wrapper input,
+.isso-post-action > input,
+.isso-textarea,
+.isso-preview {
+    color: var(--text-1);
+    background-color: var(--background-1);
+    border-color: var(--background-2) !important;
+}
+
+.isso-input-wrapper input:focus,
+.isso-textarea:focus {
+    border-color: var(--background-3) !important;
+}
+
+.isso-post-action > input:hover {
+    background-color: var(--background-2);
+}
+.isso-post-action > input:focus,
+.isso-post-action > input:active {
+    background-color: var(--background-3);
+}
+
+.isso-textarea {
+    margin-bottom: 4px;
+}
+.isso-input-wrapper {
+    display: inline-flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    margin-right: 4px;
+    max-width: 25%;
+}
+.isso-input-wrapper input {
+    order: 1;
+}
+.isso-input-wrapper label {
+    order: 2;
+    font-size: small;
+}
+.isso-post-action {
+    margin-left: 4px;
+    margin-top: 0;
+}
+@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
+    .isso-input-wrapper {
+        display: block;
+        max-width: 100%;
+    }
+}
+
+@media print {
+    .comments {
+        break-before: always;
+    }
+    .isso-comment {
+        max-width: unset;
+    }
+    .isso-text-wrapper {
+        break-inside: avoid;
+    }
+
+    .isso-postbox,
+    .isso-feedlink {
+        display: none;
+    }
+}
+
+.isso-target {
+    animation: target-fade 10s ease-out; /* defined in bobatheme */
+}

assets/js/share-event.js

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+function share_event(service) {
+    plausible("Share", {props: {Network: service}});
+}

changed-urls.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+diff -qrNtbB old/ new/ |
+    grep -oP '(?<=\s)new\/\S*' |
+    xargs -d '\n' ls -1d 2>/dev/null |
+    grep 'index.html$' |
+    sed 's/index.html$//' |
+    sed "s/^new/${SCHEME:=http}:\/\/${DOMAIN:=example.com}/"

config.toml

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-baseURL = "https://bbaovanc.com"
-theme = "bobatheme"
-defaultContentLanguage = "en"
-copyright = '<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>'
-sectionPagesMenu = "main"
-enableRobotsTXT = true
-paginate = 5
-enableGitInfo = true
-
-[author]
-  name = "bbaovanc"
-  email = "bbaovanc@bbaovanc.com"
-
-[markup]
-  [markup.highlight]
-    noClasses = false
-    lineNos = true
-
-[params]
-  # these are for the OpenGraph/Twitter embeds in Hugo
-  description = "My personal website"
-
-  # these are for favicons in bobatheme
-  faviconICO = "favicon.ico"
-  faviconPNG = "favicon.png"
-
-  # show word count and/or reading time (enabled by default)
-  wordcount = true
-  readingtime = true
-
-  # used for last update
-  repoURL = "https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com"
-
-[languages]
-  [languages.en]
-    languageName = "English"
-    title = "bbaovanc's Website"
-    weight = 1
-
-  [languages.es]
-    languageName = "Español"
-    title = "sitio web de bbaovanc"
-    weight = 2
-    [languages.es.params]
-      description = "Mi sitio web personal"

config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+baseURL: https://bbaovanc.com
+theme: bobatheme
+defaultContentLanguage: en
+copyright: '&copy; 2021-2023 bbaovanc <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a>'
+sectionPagesMenu: main
+enableRobotsTXT: true
+paginate: 10
+enableGitInfo: true
+
+taxonomies:
+  _merge: deep
+
+author:
+  name: bbaovanc
+
+markup: # this just keeps the bobatheme markup styling
+  _merge: deep
+
+related:
+  includeNewer: true
+  indices:
+    #- name: keywords
+    #  weight: 100
+    - name: categories
+      weight: 80
+    - name: tags
+      weight: 80
+    - name: date
+      weight: 10
+  threshold: 80
+  toLower: true
+
+params:
+  # these are for the OpenGraph/Twitter embeds in Hugo
+  description: My personal website
+
+  # these are for favicons in bobatheme (disabled by default)
+  faviconSVG: favicon.svg
+  appleTouchPNG: apple-touch-icon.png
+
+  # show reading time (enabled by default)
+  readingtime: true
+
+  # used for "View source" (unset by default)
+  gitFileURL: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/blob/master
+  gitFileIcon: code
+  gitHistoryURL: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/commits/master
+
+  # display a "Latest Posts" section on the homepage below its content
+  homepageLatestPosts: true
+
+  # social media share icons
+  shareButtons:
+    twitter: true
+    facebook: true
+    linkedin: true
+    reddit: true
+    telegram: true
+    print: true
+
+  # show "Latest Posts" section at bottom of content pages
+  # latestPostsOnContent: true
+
+
+  footer: >-
+    See the [anonymous and privacy-friendly
+    analytics](https://plausible.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc.com) for this site,
+    powered by [Plausible](https://plausible.io).
+
+# see https://gohugo.io/about/hugo-and-gdpr/#all-privacy-settings
+# you probably want to keep this default
+privacy:
+  _merge: deep
+
+languages:
+  en:
+    languageName: English
+    title: bbaovanc's Website
+    weight: 1
+    menu:
+      main:
+        - identifier: status-page
+          name: Status Page
+          url: https://status.bbaovanc.com

content/_index.md

@@ -3,20 +3,31 @@
 title: Home
 
 description: >-
-  This is my website.
+  This is my personal website, home to my blog. It's powered by my own custom
+  theme named bobatheme, which is available at
+  https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobatheme.
 
 ---
 
 ## My Website
 
-This is my website. Pretty self-explanatory.
+This is my personal website. I wrote it myself from scratch using [my own
+theme][bobatheme-github] and a static site generator named [Hugo][hugo-website].
+I occasionally write blog posts under the [blog section][blog-section].
 
-## A fresh new theme
+[bobatheme-github]: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobatheme
+[hugo-website]: https://gohugo.io
+[blog-section]: {{< ref "/blog/" >}}
 
-My website uses my own custom theme named
-[bobatheme](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobatheme). Although it's not quite
-finished yet, the current style will probably stay for the forseeable future.
+## Topics I write about
 
-## Another website
+I write mostly about technology, including:
+
+- Linux
+- Open Source Software
+- Programming
+- Web Development
+
+## My other website
 
 I also run another website: https://boba.best.

content/archive/blog/new-comment-system-again/index.es.md

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Nueva sistema de comentarios (otra vez)
-date: 2021-04-17
-toc: true
-
-tags:
-  - announcement
-  - hugo
-  - blog
-
----
-
-Decidí cambiar mi sistema de comentarios de Isso a
-[Commento](https://www.commento.io/).
-
-<!--more-->
-
-## Isso vs Commento
-
-Sé que sólo ser seís días desde añadí Isso, pero decidí cambiar a una sistema de
-comentarios mejor. Isso se supone que ser sencillo, lo que significa que falta
-muchas herramientas. Commento tiene un montón de herramientas, tal como
-comentarios fijados, detección de spam, cerrar cadenas, notificaciones en correo
-electrónico (no podía hacerlo funcionar en Isso), y un diseño más lindo. También
-podía implementar algunos [custom CSS rules][1], que ayudan parecer lindo en la
-tema de mi blog. También es compatible con SSO, así que puedo admitir registro
-con GitHub, y quizás GitLab.
-
-## Sumario del primero posteo
-
-Si no has leído el [Nueva sistema de comentarios](../new-comment-system) posteo,
-aquí es la información más importante. Hay un sección de comentarios en el fondo
-de cada posteo donde puedes ver y publicar comentarios. Puedes comentar
-anónimamente, o crear una cuenta para mostrar tu nombre de usario y recibir
-notificaciones en correo electrónico. También puedes votar y responder a otras
-comentarios.
-
-[1]: https://git.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc.com/blog/src/commit/478e15218313a33216d361de387b3bd878cd0ba6/assets/css/comments.css

content/archive/blog/new-comment-system/index.es.md

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Nueva sistema de comentarios
-date: 2021-04-11
-toc: true
-
-tags:
-  - announcement
-  - hugo
-  - blog
-
----
-
-Añadí una nueva sistema de comentarios a mi blog usando
-[Isso](https://posativ.org/isso/).
-
-<!--more-->
-
-## Sobre
-
-Instalé una sistema de comentarios que se llama
-[Isso](https://posativ.org/isso/) en mi blog hoy. En el fondo de cada entrada de
-blog, hay un sección de comentarios. Puedes comentar anónimamente, o mostrar tu
-nombre, dirección de correo electrónico, y/o sito web, que será mostrado a otras
-personas que están leyendo tu comentario. No pienso que nadie va a maltratar la
-sistema de comentarios porque mi sitio web es tan pequeña.
-
-## Problemas conocidas
-
-### Editar y eliminar no funciona
-
-La sistema se supone que dejarte editar y eliminar tus comentarios 15 minutos
-después de enviarlos, pero no funciona ahora. La solicitud sólo responde un
-error de 403 (prohibido).
-
-### Texto blanco enfrente de un fondo blanco en vista preliminar
-
-Esto es una problema de CSS. También pasaba cuando editando y escribiendo un
-comentario, pero lo edité así que la caja de texto tiene texto negro. Yo pienso
-que una solución mejor es usar un fondo negro en el formulario comentario, pero
-arreglaré luego.

content/authors/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+
+title: Authors
+
+description: >-
+  List of authors on my website.
+
+---

content/authors/bbaovanc/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+---
+
+title: bbaovanc
+issoUserID: 284513e38f5c
+
+---
+
+I think you can probably tell from the website URL that I'm the one who owns
+this website.
+
+<!--more-->

content/authors/github-copilot/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+
+title: GitHub Copilot
+
+---
+
+More information at https://copilot.github.com/. See [this
+post](/blog/copilot-post) for how I did it.
+
+<!--more-->

content/blog/_index.es.md

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
----
-
-title: Blog
-
-description: >-
-  Mis entradas de blog
-
----

content/blog/_index.md

@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
 title: Blog
 
 description: >-
-  My blog posts
+  The home of my blog.
 
 ---

content/blog/allow-non-root-processes-to-bind-to-privileged-ports/index.md

@@ -1,27 +1,35 @@
 ---
 
 title: Allow non root processes to bind to privileged ports in Linux
-date: 2021-03-28
+date: 2021-03-28T21:29:52-05:00
+lastmod: 2022-05-02T01:05:44-05:00
 toc: true
 comments: true
 
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
 aliases:
   - posts/allow-non-root-processes-to-bind-to-privileged-ports/
 
-tags:
-  - guide
+categories:
+  - guides
   - linux
 
+tags:
+  - gitea
+  - systemd
+
 ---
 
-In Linux, processes cannot bind to privileged ports (<=1024) unless they are
+In Linux, processes cannot bind to privileged ports (&lt;=1024) unless they are
 running as root. Here's how to allow any process to bind to privileged ports.
 
 <!--more-->
 
 ## Introduction
 
-In Linux, processes cannot bind to privileged ports (<=1024) unless they are
+In Linux, processes cannot bind to privileged ports (&lt;=1024) unless they are
 running as root. I learned about this when I was trying to add SSH cloning to my
 [Gitea](https://gitea.io) instance. This can be bypassed by giving
 `CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE` capabilities to either the systemd service, or the
@@ -31,9 +39,9 @@ executable itself.
 
 ### Using systemd (preferred)
 
-The best way is to tell systemd to give `CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE`
-capabilities to the service. In fact, the Gitea systemd service has two
-lines[^1] that are commented out:
+The best way is to tell systemd to give `CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE` capabilities to
+the service. In fact, the Gitea systemd service has two
+lines[^systemd-set-capabilities] that are commented out:
 
 ```systemd
 CapabilityBoundingSet=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
@@ -45,7 +53,7 @@ Uncommenting these two lines was all I had to do for Gitea.
 ### Using `setcap`
 
 You can add `CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE` to the executable directly using `setcap`,
-allowing it to bind to any port. Run the following command[^2]:
+allowing it to bind to any port. Run the following command[^setcap-command]:
 
 ```bash
 setcap 'cap_net_bind_service=+ep' /path/to/program
@@ -54,7 +62,7 @@ setcap 'cap_net_bind_service=+ep' /path/to/program
 Note that this means that anyone with permission to run this program will be
 able to run it and bind to any privileged ports.
 
-Other caveats[^2]:
+Other caveats[^caveats-quote]:
 
 > 1. You will need at least a 2.6.24 kernel
 > 2. This won't work if your file is a script. (ie, uses a #! line to launch an
@@ -67,6 +75,10 @@ Other caveats[^2]:
 >    privileges like setcap or suid. So if your program uses its own .../lib/,
 >    you might have to look into another option like port forwarding.
 
-[^1]: https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/blob/3416e2a82586fca4cd452b93237b979300f55d62/contrib/systemd/gitea.service#L69
-      and https://stackoverflow.com/a/47065825
-[^2]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/414258
+
+[^systemd-set-capabilities]: See [these two lines in the Gitea systemd service
+  file](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/blob/3416e2a82586fca4cd452b93237b979300f55d62/contrib/systemd/gitea.service#L69)
+  and [this Stack Overflow answer](https://stackoverflow.com/a/47065825).
+
+[^setcap-command]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/414258
+[^caveats-quote]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/414258

content/blog/auditing-with-google-lighthouse-and-github-actions/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+---
+
+title: Using GitHub Actions to audit my website with Google Chrome Lighthouse
+date: 2022-05-07T00:54:11-05:00
+lastmod: 2022-05-08T16:16:02-05:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+  - devops
+  - meta
+
+tags:
+  - caddy
+  - github-actions
+  - google-lighthouse
+
+# this will be shown for the article in list pages and in the page metadata
+# it can be either an image or video (this might change in the future, however)
+resources:
+  - name: feature
+    src: dashboard-performance-graph.webp
+    title: Picture of the `Performance` section on the Lighthouse CI dashboard
+
+  - name: youtube-embed-performance-comparison
+    src: youtube-embed-performance-comparison.webp
+    title: >-
+      Performance hit caused by adding a YouTube embed. You can see the
+      comparison itself [on this comparison
+      page](https://lhci.bbaovanc.com/app/projects/bbaovanc.com/compare/01d2064b6fac?baseUrl=https%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%2Fblog%2Fthe-redesign-of-my-website%2F&compareUrl=https%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%2Fblog%2Fyoutube-url-structures-you-should-know%2F&baseBuild=01d2064b-6fac-40df-b4e6-373037ae1f9e).
+
+---
+
+The other day I set up automatic testing of my website using [Google Chrome
+Lighthouse][google-lighthouse]. I'm also running my own Lighthouse CI server to
+store test result history and show trends. Here's an outline of what this means,
+some of the results I've obtained so far, and my thoughts on the usefulness of
+Lighthouse.
+
+[google-lighthouse]: https://developers.google.com/web/tools/lighthouse
+
+<!--more-->
+
+## What is Lighthouse?
+
+Lighthouse is a tool developed by Google which audits websites and gives them a
+score in four categories: *Performance*, *Accessibility*, *Best Practices*, and
+*SEO (search engine optimization)*. It's also built into the developer console
+in Chrome, so you can run it manually on any website you want directly inside
+your browser.
+
+I have already been using Lighthouse manually to do occasional tests on my
+website and its theme, [bobatheme][bobatheme]. However, I recently came across
+[this GitHub Action][lhci-action]. It caught my eye because I was [already using
+GitHub Actions][old-audit-workflow] to perform a few basic Hugo[^hugo]-related
+audits found [in a thread on the Hugo forum][hugo-audits-thread].
+
+[^hugo]: [Hugo](https://gohugo.io) is the framework that my website is built on. It's
+  a static site generator which generates my site according to my own custom
+  templates that make up my theme.
+
+[bobatheme]: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobatheme
+[lhci-action]: https://github.com/marketplace/actions/lighthouse-ci-action
+[old-audit-workflow]: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/blob/31e25c2578a789afe71ce90352747eb427ca3c0e/.github/workflows/audit.yml#L31-L59
+[hugo-audits-thread]: https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/audit-your-published-site-for-problems/35184
+
+## Setting it all up
+
+My goal is to run Lighthouse's audits on an environment as similar to my real
+website's deployment as possible.
+
+First, I [created a separate `lighthouse` job on my audit
+workflow][lighthouse-actions-job] on GitHub Actions. This job will do all of the
+testing. Since it's a separate job, it runs in parallel with my existing audit
+task.
+
+[lighthouse-actions-job]: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/blob/3668b6cfb11d09149b5da347219cdc75d0ce0985/.github/workflows/audit.yml#L7
+
+Next, I copied [my existing build steps verbatim][production-build-steps]. This
+makes the site effectively identical to my real deployment on bbaovanc.com. One
+of the crucial steps is to pre-compress all the files so their compressed
+versions can be served without the server having to compress them on-the-fly,
+saving valuable processing power.
+
+[production-build-steps]: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/blob/db65e9fc23b840429f5c9ad2b43d7dd01a024f36/.github/workflows/deploy.yml#L22-L33
+
+Serving the compressed files is crucial because it simulates the real world
+transfer size of the files. In addition, Lighthouse will recommend that you
+serve the files compressed.
+
+Inside the audit environment I use the same webserver (Caddy) and a [similar
+configuration][audit-caddy-config] (compared to the [one running on
+bbaovanc.com][production-caddy-config]) to what I have running on bbaovanc.com.
+Caddy also is able to easily run the demo site with HTTPS, even on localhost.
+That allows it to test certain elements (such as the comment section) that
+wouldn't be allowed to load if it were plain, unsecured HTTP.
+
+[audit-caddy-config]: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/blob/3668b6cfb11d09149b5da347219cdc75d0ce0985/Caddyfile
+[production-caddy-config]: https://git.bbaovanc.com/configs/caddy/src/commit/e3227eb2a2679e27545c2417c2565941f03fb744/conf.d/bbaovanc.com
+
+{{< see-also "/blog/caddy-is-the-best-webserver" >}}
+
+I selected [a few significant pages on my website][lighthouse-urls] so
+Lighthouse can test a wide range of the features in my website's theme. The
+results of these tests are then uploaded to [my Lighthouse CI
+server][lhci-dashboard]. There you can view the audit history and see
+differences in results between builds.
+
+[lighthouse-urls]: https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/blob/3668b6cfb11d09149b5da347219cdc75d0ce0985/lighthouserc.yaml#L4-L19
+[lhci-dashboard]: https://lhci.bbaovanc.com/app/projects/bbaovanc.com/dashboard
+
+## What I found from the tests
+
+### Performance impact of a YouTube video
+
+I found that embedding a YouTube video using the built-in shortcode in Hugo
+made the website drastically slower. It's a lot clearer in the audit environment
+where everything is throttled down a bunch, so the performance impact is more
+clear. Below is a screenshot of the difference in score between my blog post
+with a YouTube embed and a similarly sized blog post which has no video.
+
+{{< figure src="youtube-embed-performance-comparison" >}}
+
+I can probably optimize this a little by making a copy of the built-in Hugo
+YouTube shortcode, and modifying it to defer the loading of the remote scripts.
+That will have to be a future project, and I'll probably write a post if I ever
+end up testing it.
+
+## My thoughts on Lighthouse
+
+You can make the argument that the results from Lighthouse don't really mean
+much in the real world. On modern devices and a decent internet speed most
+websites will load just fine.
+
+Although most pages on my site have a perfect score from Lighthouse, I'm not
+going to go way out of my way in order to keep it that way. After all,
+Lighthouse is just a tool intended for "improving the quality of web
+pages."[^improve-quality-quote] That doesn't mean it needs to be perfect.
+
+[^improve-quality-quote]: Source: [Google
+  Developers](https://developers.google.com/web/tools/lighthouse)

content/blog/blog-post-newsletter/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+---
+
+title: Newsletter for my blog posts
+date: 2022-04-30T01:00:14-05:00
+lastmod: 2022-05-23T02:17:47-05:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+  - meta
+
+tags:
+  - bobanews
+  - listmonk
+  - newsletter
+
+# this will be shown for the article in list pages and in the page metadata
+# it can be either an image or video (this might change in the future, however)
+resources:
+  - name: feature
+    src: listmonk-bobatheme-template.webp
+    title: My custom newsletter template based on my website's custom theme.
+
+  - name: listmonk-splash
+    src: listmonk-splash.webp
+    title: >-
+      Dashboard on listmonk ---
+      [source](https://listmonk.app/static/images/splash.png)
+
+---
+
+I created a newsletter for blog posts on my website so you can sign up for email
+notifications when I post new ones, so I have more than just an RSS feed.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+{{< aside warning >}}
+I decided that I didn't really want to deal with the extra work of managing a
+newsletter so I've removed it. (I didn't actually get any sign-ups).
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+**See the ["Signing Up" section]({{< ref "#signing-up" >}}) for instructions on
+how to sign up for the newsletter.**
+
+## Choosing the right mailing list manager
+
+For my newsletter manager, I chose [listmonk](https://listmonk.app/). As I was
+searching for self-hosted newsletter managers, it caught my eye because of how
+modern and beautiful its interface looks. In fact, it was the only self-hosted
+newsletter/mailing list manager I looked at that doesn't have an overall old and
+ugly interface. Additionally, it has a live demo, so I was able to test it out
+and see if it would be able to meet my (relatively low) requirements.
+
+{{< figure src="listmonk-splash" >}}
+
+I also tried out [GNU Mailman 3](https://www.list.org/) about a year ago.
+However, I could not get it to integrate cleanly with my email
+server[^mailman-mailcow]. listmonk can operate over SMTP, just like any other
+program that sends mail. That makes the setup much less complicated, and I was
+also able to set up the [official Docker
+image](https://listmonk.app/docs/installation/#docker) using Docker Compose
+setup just like the other programs I use.
+
+If you're interested, the Docker Compose configuration files I ended up writing
+are available at [configs/listmonk on my Gitea
+instance](https://git.bbaovanc.com/configs/listmonk).
+
+## Newsletter formatting
+
+I ended up writing my own template for listmonk from scratch, based on the CSS
+used in [bobatheme](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobatheme), the theme that my
+website uses. Here's a screenshot of how it currently looks:
+
+{{< figure src="feature" >}}
+
+## Signing up
+
+{{< aside warning >}}
+I decided that I didn't really want to deal with the extra work of managing a
+newsletter so I've removed it. (I didn't actually get any sign-ups anyways.)
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+You can sign up to get emails about new posts on the [newsletter signup form
+here](https://lists.bbaovanc.com/subscription/form). Make sure the box next to
+the list labeled `bbaovanc.com Blog Posts` is checked. You'll need to provide an
+email address, and optionally a nickname (or your real name if you want).
+
+Right now there's only one list with public signup enabled, but that may change
+if you're reading this in the future. In that case, you can sign up for as many
+or as few lists as you want.
+
+
+
+[^mailman-mailcow]: Mailman requires access to the mail server over
+  [LMTP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_Mail_Transfer_Protocol). However,
+  giving it access to my mail server over LMTP is not very easy because of the
+  setup that [Mailcow](https://mailcow.email) (my email server) uses. There *is*
+  an existing project called
+  [dockerized-mailcow-mailman](https://github.com/g4rf/dockerized-mailcow-mailman),
+  but it uses the Apache web server to serve the frontend. I'm not familiar with
+  Apache, and also I don't really want to complicate my Mailcow setup switching
+  to an almost completely different setup just for one little program.

content/blog/caddy-is-the-best-webserver/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+---
+
+title: Caddy is literally the best webserver
+date: 2021-11-13T00:43:35-06:00
+lastmod: 2023-01-16T20:57:00-06:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+  - linux
+  - sysadmin
+  - software
+
+tags:
+  - caddy
+  - webserver
+
+resources:
+  - name: feature
+    src: caddy.webp
+    title: >-
+      Image source:
+      [Caddy](https://caddyserver.com/resources/images/caddy-logo.svg)
+
+  - name: caddy-browse
+    src: caddy-browse.webp
+    title: >-
+      Caddy's gorgeous directory list page.
+
+---
+
+After switching from NGINX to Caddy on all of my websites, I have come to the
+conclusion that Caddy is the best webserver in existence. With automatic HTTPS,
+a simple configuration file, and more, Caddy is just the best webserver overall
+for general use.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+## Built-in automatic HTTPS
+
+Caddy can fetch certificates from Let's Encrypt and ZeroSSL out of the box.
+HTTPS is enabled by default for eligible domains[^hostname-requirements], unless
+you explicitly tell it not to.
+
+### Incredible cipher security
+
+Caddy has incredible defaults for TLS/SSL ciphers. Any site you host on Caddy
+gets a perfect score from [Qualys SSL Labs](https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/)
+out of the box.[^caddy-qualys-score]
+
+## Dead simple configuration files: Caddy vs NGINX
+
+Caddy's configuration file format is the easiest out of all the main webserver.
+The best way for me to demonstrate this simplicity is to compare it to one of
+the most popular webservers: [NGINX](https://www.nginx.com/).
+
+### Serving some static files
+
+The most essential feature you can use a webserver for.
+
+#### Caddy
+
+```caddyfile
+example.com {
+  root * /var/www/example.com
+  file_server
+}
+```
+
+#### NGINX
+
+```nginx
+server {
+    listen 80;
+    server_name example.com;
+    index index.html index.txt;
+    root /var/www/example.com;
+    location / {
+        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+As you can see, the Caddy config is a lot simpler than the NGINX one. But wait,
+there's more! This NGINX config is unencrypted HTTP only, but the Caddy one will
+automatically request a certificate from Let's Encrypt, enable HTTPS, and even
+redirect unencrypted HTTP to HTTPS.
+
+From now on, for the sake of simplicity, I'll be ignoring HTTPS for the NGINX
+configs.
+
+### PHP (PrivateBin)
+
+The Caddy config for this example is the same as the [one used for
+bin.boba.best](https://git.boba.best/boba.best/caddy/src/commit/cd00151fbdd784979a8a181980cc36061be68c7d/conf.d/bin.boba.best).
+I've stripped it down a bit by removing the [custom error
+pages](https://git.boba.best/boba.best/caddy/src/commit/cd00151fbdd784979a8a181980cc36061be68c7d/Caddyfile#L15-L24),
+[HSTS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_Strict_Transport_Security), [zstd
+compression](https://github.com/facebook/zstd), and logging.
+
+#### Caddy
+
+```caddyfile
+bin.boba.best {
+    encode gzip
+
+    root * /var/www/bin.boba.best
+    php_fastcgi unix//run/php/php-fpm.sock
+    file_server
+}
+```
+
+#### NGINX
+
+```nginx
+server {
+    listen 80;
+    server_name bin.boba.best;
+    index index.html index.txt index.php;
+    root /var/www/bin.boba.best;
+    gzip on;
+
+    location / {
+        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
+    }
+
+    location ~ \.php$ {
+        include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
+        fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php-fpm.sock;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### Reverse proxy + static files (Gitea)
+
+This last example is based on
+[git.bbaovanc.com](https://git.bbaovanc.com/boba.best/caddy/src/commit/57c9f0011eae92ef5fa2992d99f01b0956802d64/conf.d/git.bbaovanc.com).
+Just like the last example, I've stripped off the custom error pages, HSTS, zstd
+compression, and logging.
+
+#### Caddy
+
+```caddyfile
+git.bbaovanc.com {
+    encode gzip
+
+    handle_path /_/static/assets/* {
+        root * /var/www/git.bbaovanc.com/public
+        file_server
+    }
+
+    handle {
+        reverse_proxy localhost:81 {
+            header_up X-Real-IP {remote_host}
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+#### NGINX
+
+```nginx
+server {
+    listen 80;
+    server_name git.bbaovanc.com;
+    gzip on;
+
+    location /_/static/assets {
+        alias /var/www/git.bbaovanc.com/public/;
+    }
+
+    location / {
+        proxy_pass http://localhost:81;
+        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+    }
+```
+
+Although in this case the NGINX config was slightly shorter, I find the Caddy
+one a lot more clear and easy to understand. With NGINX, I find it weird how
+adding a trailing slash or not defines whether the prefix (`/_/static/assets` in
+this case) is stripped before searching the filesystem. In Caddy, you can use
+the `handle_path` directive, instead of just a regular `handle` directive.
+
+You can read more about how `handle` and `handle_path` work in Caddy on the
+[Caddy docs](https://caddyserver.com/docs/caddyfile/directives/handle).
+
+## The smaller details
+
+These features might not matter to you, but this is my blog, and I care about
+them, so I'll be including them.
+
+### Go templates
+
+Caddy is written in Go and supports [Go
+templates](https://pkg.go.dev/text/template). This means you can make simple
+dynamic content while only using Caddy!
+
+In fact, the [official Caddy website](https://caddyserver.com) is generated
+entirely using Caddy's and Go templates![^caddy-templating]
+
+#### Error pages using HTTP Cats
+
+I use [this
+snippet](https://git.bbaovanc.com/boba.best/caddy/src/commit/57c9f0011eae92ef5fa2992d99f01b0956802d64/Caddyfile#L8-L15)
+on both bbaovanc.com and boba.best to make custom error pages using images from
+[HTTP Cats](https://http.cat). It uses Caddy's template support to generate some
+simple HTML to show the error code, name, and cat image.
+
+### Beautiful autoindex file browser
+
+Apache and NGINX both have an optional "autoindex" feature which generates a
+list of files in a directory when there's no page there. However, it looks very
+ugly. Caddy, on the other hand, still has a simple index page, but looks a
+thousand times better.
+
+Coincidentally, it matches the theme of my website very well, so I have to put a
+border around the image.
+
+{{< figure src="caddy-browse" >}}
+
+
+[^hostname-requirements]: For the rules on what domains have automatic HTTPS by
+  default, see ["Hostname requirements" on the Caddy
+  documentation](https://caddyserver.com/docs/automatic-https#hostname-requirements).
+
+[^caddy-qualys-score]: SSL Labs caps the score to an A if HSTS isn't enabled.
+  After enabling it, then you get a perfect A+ score. See [my website's
+  score](https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=bbaovanc.com&latest)
+  ([archived](https://archive.today/4JJDN)) for an example (bbaovanc.com).
+
+[^caddy-templating]: See more info about templating [on the Caddy
+  docs](https://caddyserver.com/docs/caddyfile/directives/templates#examples)

content/blog/checkra1n-gui-on-other-distros/index.md

@@ -1,18 +1,24 @@
 ---
 
 title: Checkra1n GUI on other Linux distros
-date: 2021-03-25
+date: 2021-03-25T21:19:51-05:00
+lastmod: 2021-10-16T21:25:38-05:00
 toc: true
 comments: true
 
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
 aliases:
   - posts/checkra1n-gui-on-other-distros/
 
-tags:
-  - guide
-  - linux
-  - archlinux
+categories:
+  - guides
   - jailbreak
+  - linux
+
+tags:
+  - arch-linux
   - checkra1n
 
 resources:

content/blog/copilot-post/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+---
+
+# this is the title it generated. not even joking
+title: Copilot
+date: 2021-11-07T16:20:15-06:00
+lastmod: 2021-11-07T16:20:15-06:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - GitHub Copilot
+
+categories:
+
+tags:
+  - github-copilot
+
+series:
+  - github-copilot-experiments
+
+_build:
+  list: never
+
+---
+
+Did you know that Copilot is a command line interface for Copilot? It's a tool
+for creating and managing Copilot projects.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+
+{{< aside >}}
+## What is this post?
+
+I used [GitHub Copilot](https://copilot.github.com/) to write everything. All I
+did myself (being a human) was write a couple words and let it finish it off.
+I'll put any text that I wrote myself in an "aside" box, like you can see on
+this paragraph.
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+## What is Copilot?
+
+Copilot is a [Cloud Native
+Computing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing). It's used for
+managing the lifecycle of your application. It's also used as a tool for
+creating and managing Copilot projects.
+
+## What is this?
+
+This is an article about [GitHub Copilot]() and the Copilot CLI. It's a tool for
+creating and managing Copilot projects. I wrote it to help me learn the [GitHub
+Copilot API]() and to learn how to use the CLI. You can read more about the API
+[here](https://developer.github.com/v4/explorer/). Next time you want to learn
+more about Copilot, check out the [GitHub Copilot
+docs](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+
+## Why is this?
+
+Because I'm a developer and I like to learn new things. This is a tool I wrote
+to learn how the Copilot API works. It's a tool for creating and managing
+Copilot projects. I wrote it to help me learn the [GitHub Copilot API]() and to
+learn how to use the CLI. You can read more about the API
+[here](https://developer.github.com/v4/explorer/). Next time you want to learn
+more about Copilot, check out the [GitHub Copilot
+docs](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/). It's a tool for creating and
+managing Copilot projects. I wrote it to help me learn the [GitHub Copilot
+API]() and to learn how to use the CLI. You can read more about the API
+[here](https://developer.github.com/v4/explorer/). Next time you want to learn
+more about Copilot, check out the [GitHub Copilot
+docs](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+
+## How did I write this?
+
+I used [Hugo](https://gohugo.io/) to write this article. It's a static site
+generator that makes it easy to create and manage a blog. GitHub Copilot is what
+I use to create and manage Copilot projects.
+
+## How do I use this?
+
+Here's how you use this. You can read more about the CLI
+[here](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/). You can read more about the
+API [here](https://developer.github.com/v4/explorer/). Next time you want to
+learn more about Copilot, check out the [GitHub Copilot
+docs](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/). It's a tool for creating and
+managing Copilot projects. I wrote it to help me learn the [GitHub Copilot
+API]() and to learn how to use the CLI. You can read more about the API
+[here](https://developer.github.com/v4/explorer/). Next time you want to learn
+more about Copilot, check out the [GitHub Copilot
+docs](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/). Did you know that Copilot is
+a command line interface for Copilot? It's a tool for creating and managing
+Copilot projects. It's not a tool for creating and managing Copilot projects.
+It's a tool for creating and managing Copilot projects. I wrote it to help me
+learn the [GitHub Copilot API]() and to learn how to use the CLI. You can read
+more about the API [here](https://developer.github.com/v4/explorer/). Next time
+you want to learn more about Copilot, check out the [GitHub Copilot
+docs](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+
+## What do I need to know?
+
+  * You need a GitHub account
+  * You need to have a GitHub Copilot API key
+  * You need to have a GitHub Copilot CLI
+  * You need to have a GitHub Copilot project
+
+## How do I create a project?
+
+  1. Create a project on [GitHub
+     Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+  2. Create a project on [GitHub
+     Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+  3. Create a project on [GitHub
+     Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+
+## How do I delete a project?
+
+  1. Delete a project on [GitHub
+     Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+  2. Delete a project on [GitHub
+     Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+  3. Delete a project on [GitHub
+     Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+
+## I want to create a project, but I don't have an API key.
+
+Well, you need an API key. You can create one on [GitHub
+Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/). You can create one on
+[GitHub Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/). You can create one
+on [GitHub Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/). If you don't
+have an API key, you can create one on [GitHub
+Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/). Sorry about that. You can
+create one on [GitHub Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+
+
+## I want to create a project, but I don't have a CLI.
+
+If you don't have a CLI, you can create one on [GitHub
+Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/). Unfortunately, you can't
+create one on [GitHub Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/). You
+can create one on [GitHub Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+
+{{< aside >}}
+The following made me laugh:
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+## It keeps saying the same thing.
+
+  1. It keeps saying the same thing.
+  2. It keeps saying the same thing.
+  3. It keeps saying the same thing.
+
+```js
+var password = process.env.GITHUB_API_KEY;
+```
+
+Did you know that Copilot is a command line interface for Copilot? It's a tool
+for creating and managing Copilot projects. It keeps saying the same thing. You
+can create one on [GitHub Copilot](https://developer.github.com/apps/copilot/).
+
+## Code blocks
+
+{{< aside >}}
+These next subsections are written by GitHub Copilot. All I did was write the
+section headers, start the code block, and type some comments to get it started.
+I have no idea if the code actually works (or even does anything at all), so
+test it at your own risk!
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+### Copilot
+
+```python
+import os
+import json
+import requests
+
+# Get the API key from the environment
+api_key = os.environ.get('GITHUB_API_KEY')
+# Get the project name from the environment
+project_name = os.environ.get('GITHUB_PROJECT_NAME')
+# Get the project description from the environment
+project_description = os.environ.get('GITHUB_PROJECT_DESCRIPTION')
+# Get the project homepage from the environment
+project_homepage = os.environ.get('GITHUB_PROJECT_HOMEPAGE')
+# Get the project repository from the environment
+project_repository = os.environ.get('GITHUB_PROJECT_REPOSITORY')
+# Get the project organization from the environment
+project_organization = os.environ.get('GITHUB_PROJECT_ORGANIZATION')
+# Get the project visibility from the environment
+project_visibility = os.environ.get('GITHUB_PROJECT_VISIBILITY')
+# Get the project topics from the environment
+project_topics = os.environ.get('GITHUB_PROJECT_TOPICS')
+# Get the project languages from the environment
+project_languages = os.environ.get('GITHUB_PROJECT_LANGUAGES')
+# Get the project license from the environment
+project_license = os.environ.get('GITHUB_PROJECT_LICENSE')
+# Get the project documentation from the environment
+project_documentation = os.environ.get('GITHUB_PROJECT_DOCUMENTATION')
+
+# Create the project
+response = requests.post(
+    'https://api.github.com/orgs/{}/projects'.format(project_organization),
+    headers={
+        'Authorization': 'token {}'.format(api_key),
+        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+    },
+    data=json.dumps({
+        'name': project_name,
+        'body': project_description,
+        'homepage': project_homepage,
+        'repository_url': project_repository,
+        'visibility': project_visibility,
+        'topics': project_topics,
+        'languages': project_languages,
+        'license_template': project_license,
+        'documentation_url': project_documentation,
+    }),
+)
+```
+
+### A basic Discord bot
+
+```python
+import discord
+import os
+import json
+import requests
+
+# the token of the bot
+token = os.environ.get('DISCORD_BOT_TOKEN')
+# the name of the bot
+name = os.environ.get('DISCORD_BOT_NAME')
+
+# command handler
+async def handle_command(message):
+    # get the command
+    command = message.content.split()[0]
+    # get the arguments
+    args = message.content.split()[1:]
+    # get the author
+    author = message.author
+    # get the author's id
+    author_id = message.author.id
+
+    # create the response
+    response = '{}'.format(author.mention)
+
+    # if the command is `ping`
+    if command == 'ping':
+        # respond with pong
+        response = 'pong'
+
+    # if the command is `hello`
+    if command == 'hello':
+        # respond with hello
+        response = 'hello'
+
+    # if the command is `help`
+    if command == 'help':
+        # respond with help
+        response = 'help'
+
+    # send the response
+    await client.send_message(message.channel, response)
+```
+
+### A basic Minecraft bot
+
+```python
+import minecraft
+import os
+import json
+import requests
+
+# run the Minecraft bot
+client = minecraft.Minecraft.create()
+
+# build a house
+def build_house(x, y, z):
+    # build a house
+    client.setBlock(x, y, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 1, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 2, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 3, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 4, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 5, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 6, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 7, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 8, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 9, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 10, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 11, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 12, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 13, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 14, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 15, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 16, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 17, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 18, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 19, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 20, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 21, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 22, z, 1)
+    client.setBlock(x, y + 23, z, 1)
+
+    # build a door
+    client.setBlock(x - 1, y + 1, z, 64)
+    client.setBlock(x - 1, y + 2, z, 64)
+    client.setBlock(x - 1, y + 3, z, 64)
+    client.setBlock(x - 1, y + 4, z, 64)
+    client.setBlock(x - 1, y + 5, z, 64)
+    client.setBlock(x - 1, y + 6, z, 64)
+
+    # build a window
+    client.setBlock(x - 1, y + 10, z, 64)
+    client.setBlock(x - 1, y + 11, z, 64)
+    client.setBlock(x - 1, y + 12, z, 64)
+    client.setBlock(x - 1, y + 13, z, 64)
+```
+
+### A random program
+
+```js
+var x = Math.random() * 10;
+var y = Math.random() * 10;
+var z = Math.random() * 10;
+
+// do something with the coordinates
+console.log(x, y, z);
+```
+
+### Find the last digit of pi
+
+{{< aside >}}
+This next one is actually genius.
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+```python
+import math
+
+# find the last digit of pi
+def last_digit_of_pi():
+    return int(str(math.pi)[-1])
+```

content/blog/discord-sex-hack/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+---
+
+title: How the "Discord sex" (`s/e/x`) hack works
+date: 2022-05-11T21:11:17-05:00
+lastmod: 2022-09-24T14:56:05-05:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+  - tips-and-tricks
+
+tags:
+  - discord
+  - discord-tricks
+  - sed
+
+# this will be shown for the article in list pages and in the page metadata
+# it can be either an image or video (this might change in the future, however)
+resources:
+  - name: feature
+    src: example.webp
+    title: Result after sending a GIF and then sending `s/e/x`.
+
+  - name: default-sex
+    src: default-sex.webp
+    title: Fallback image on `txnor.com`
+
+  - name: double-sex
+    src: double-sex.webp
+    title: Resulting image after typing `s/e/x` a second time.
+
+  - name: chess
+    src: chess.webp
+    title: This happens once you type `s/w/ag` after having done `s/e/x`.
+
+  - name: sword
+    src: sword.webp
+    title: This happens when you type `s/w/ord` after having done `s/e/x`.
+  - name: sword-atk
+    src: sword-atk.webp
+    title: This happens when you type `s/d/dATK`
+  - name: sword-def
+    src: sword-def.webp
+    title: This happens when you type `s/d/dDEF`
+  - name: sword-hug
+    src: sword-hug.webp
+    title: This happens when you type `s/d/dHUG`
+  - name: sword-win
+    src: sword-win.webp
+    title: Win screen on the `s/w/ord` game.
+  - name: sword-lose
+    src: sword-lose.webp
+    title: Lose screen on the `s/w/ord` game.
+
+  - name: 6969th
+    src: 6969th.webp
+    title: This happens on average (since it's randomized) every 6070th use.
+
+  - name: math-challenge
+    src: math-challenge.webp
+    title: Math challenge example
+
+---
+
+There's this trick going around on Discord recently where if you send any GIF
+from Tenor, and then type `s/e/x`, then it turns it into a different meme GIF.
+Here's how it works.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+{{< aside info >}}
+Credit goes to Rebane2001 (not me) for making this trick, and setting it up on
+`txnor.com`.
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+## The `sed` syntax
+
+For operating systems based on Unix or Linux, there's usually a simple terminal
+command included called [`sed`][sed-wikipedia], which is most commonly used to
+run text replacement commands. Here's a very simple example of what a basic
+`sed` command looks like:
+
+[sed-wikipedia]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sed
+
+```bashsession
+$ sed 's/hello/goodbye/'
+```
+
+Discord likely implemented this in order to appeal to
+[IRC][irc-wikipedia][^irc-definition] users. Since IRC doesn't support editing
+messages, it's common for people to send messages in that format to tell people
+about changes to their previous message. Discord implemented this into both
+their web/desktop client and their iOS app, excluding the Android app.
+
+[irc-wikipedia]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Relay_Chat
+
+[^irc-definition]: IRC (Internet Relay Chat) is a simple text-based chat system.
+  It's a very old protocol, however its simplicity and minimalism is the main
+  reason people choose it. It's not very popular anymore.
+
+Note that while real `sed` commands can get much more complicated, Discord's
+implementation doesn't support those advanced features[^trailing-slash-note].
+
+[^trailing-slash-note]: Also note that in Discord's implementation, the trailing
+  slash (after `goodbye`) can be ommitted (making it just `s/hello/goodbye`),
+  but with the real `sed` command, it's required.
+
+{{< see-also "/blog/text-substitution-in-discord-using-sed" >}}
+
+## What does `s/e/x` do?
+
+When you send a GIF using the GIF picker on Discord, it actually sends the link
+to the GIF, which is served by [Tenor][tenor-website]. For example, here's a GIF
+sent from Tenor:
+
+[tenor-website]: https://tenor.com
+
+https://tenor.com/view/cat-massage-gif-24282757
+
+Running `s/e/x` will take the first occurrence of `e` and replace it with `x`.
+The link becomes the following (notice the bolded letter `x`):
+
+[https://t**x**nor.com/view/cat-massage-gif-24282757][example-1]
+
+[example-1]: https://txnor.com/view/cat-massage-gif-24282757
+
+Then, all that's left to do is to buy the domain `txnor.com`, and write a simple
+program to run on it. In fact, it looks like that domain was purchased purely in
+order to make this trick possible[^txnor-domain-date].
+
+[^txnor-domain-date]: According to [a quick WHOIS lookup][txnor-whois], the
+  domain was registered on May 3, 2022. That's the same day that [@Rebane
+  tweeted about the new feature][rebane-tweet] (~~going to https://txnor.com
+  redirects to this tweet~~ now the domain redirects to [Rebane's YouTube video
+  about the hack]({{< ref "#youtube-video" >}})), so I assume that this is the
+  only reason they bought the domain.
+
+[txnor-whois]: https://www.whois.com/whois/txnor.com
+[rebane-tweet]: https://twitter.com/rebane2001/status/1521544722875142145
+
+## How does it display on Discord without redirecting?
+
+When viewing any of the URLs on `txnor.com` in a normal web browser, you get
+[redirected to a tweet][rebane-tweet]. However, Discord is able to display the
+image without being redirected.
+
+When Discord loads a website to generate an embed, it uses a user
+agent[^user-agent-definition] (which is a little piece of text which tells the
+server what your browser is) which looks something like this:
+
+[^user-agent-definition]: If you actually care, there's a [Wikipedia
+  article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent), and a [page on
+  WhatIsMyIPAddress.com](https://whatismyipaddress.com/user-agent) which also
+  explain what a user agent is.
+
+```text
+User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Discordbot/2.0; +https://discordapp.com/)
+```
+
+The important part here is the word `Discord`. If you visit the website with
+your user agent set to anything containing `Discord`
+(case-insensitive)[^discord-user-agent], then it serves the image directly.
+
+[^discord-user-agent]: [According to the source code][user-agent-source-code],
+  it looks like `Intel Mac OS X 11.6; rv:92.0` also triggers the same response.
+
+[user-agent-source-code]: https://github.com/rebane2001/txnor-server/blob/26c7c279b0b4668c8a3b061692d83c507aeac7c5/txnor.nginx#L23-L27
+
+## Default image
+
+If you go to any URL on `txnor.com` that doesn't fit one of the existing
+patterns/games, then it returns this fallback image:
+
+{{< figure src="default-sex" >}}
+
+## Extra features
+
+### Double sex
+
+If you then run `s/e/x` a second time, then it changes to a different image:
+
+{{< figure src="double-sex" >}}
+
+This works in a simple way as well. The next `e` that appears in the URL is
+inside `/view/`. So, after typing `s/e/x` a second time, the URL becomes:
+
+[https://txnor.com/vi**x**w/cat-massage-gif-24282757][example-2]
+
+[example-2]: https://txnor.com/vixw/cat-massage-gif-24282757
+
+### Chess (`s/w/ag`)
+
+Another cool feature is that you can play chess by typing `s/w/ag` after typing
+the initial message of `s/e/x`.
+
+{{< figure src="chess" >}}
+
+### `s/w/ord`
+
+If you do `s/w/ord` after `s/e/x`, then it starts a fighting game (titled
+"Wumpagotchi Adventures". You can use three commands: s/d/d**ATK**,
+s/d/d**DEF**, and s/d/d**HUG**.
+
+Here are a few example images:
+
+#### Main `s/w/ord` screen
+
+{{< figure src="sword" >}}
+
+#### ATK command
+
+{{< figure src="sword-atk" >}}
+
+#### DEF command
+
+{{< figure src="sword-def" >}}
+
+#### HUG command
+
+{{< figure src="sword-hug" >}}
+
+#### Win screen
+
+{{< figure src="sword-win" >}}
+
+#### Lose screen
+
+{{< figure src="sword-lose" >}}
+
+### 6969th Discord Sexer
+
+If you happen to get a one in 6970 chance, it will instead return
+a special image:
+
+{{< figure src="6969th" >}}
+
+[6969th-source]: https://github.com/rebane2001/txnor-server/blob/26c7c279b0b4668c8a3b061692d83c507aeac7c5/sex.py#L130-L133
+
+Here's a [snippet of the code that handles this chance][6969th-source]:
+
+```python
+# 6969th winner image (disable for chess)
+if random.randint(0, 6969) == 6969 and "ag" not in name:
+    web.header('Cache-Control', 'no-store')
+    return six_nine
+```
+
+I believe it's supposed to be a 1/6969 chance, but `random.randint` in Python
+[includes both numbers][randint-inclusive]. That means that the possible numbers that it could pick
+would be 0, 1, ... 6968, 6969. If you were to count the numbers included in that
+sequence, it would total 6970.
+
+[randint-inclusive]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/random.html#random.randint
+
+### Math challenge
+
+Any URL that matches [this regular expression][math-challenge-regex] will
+instead return a randomized math challenge:
+
+[math-challenge-regex]: https://regex101.com/r/ddEkML/1
+
+{{< figure src="math-challenge" >}}
+
+What's special is that the math challenge is [set to not be
+cached][math-challenge-caching].
+
+[math-challenge-caching]: https://github.com/rebane2001/txnor-server/blob/26c7c279b0b4668c8a3b061692d83c507aeac7c5/sex.py#L137
+
+How it works is that when each person's Discord client sends a request to the
+Discord CDN to get the image, the client caches that image. That means each
+client will see the same challenge problem, even if the user restarts the
+client. But separate clients will not have it cached, so they'll request it
+again themselves, and different numbers will be generated.
+
+## Discord sex is open source
+
+Thanks to a [comment from Rebane on this post](#isso-16), I now know that the
+server running on `txnor.com` is open source. See
+[rebane2001/txnor-server][txnor-server-github].
+
+[txnor-server-github]: https://github.com/rebane2001/txnor-server
+
+## YouTube video
+
+Rebane also [made a YouTube video][txnor-youtube-video] about this trick. Make
+sure to check it out too!
+
+[txnor-youtube-video]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=km8CR-fdB7o

content/blog/edited-in-middle-of-message-discord/index.md

@@ -1,15 +1,22 @@
 ---
 
-title: Put `(edited)` in the middle of a message in Discord
-date: 2021-03-25
-toc: false
+title: How to put `(edited)` in the middle of a message in Discord
+date: 2021-03-25T18:48:34-05:00
+lastmod: 2022-12-06T19:59:22-06:00
+toc: true
 comments: true
 
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
 aliases:
   - posts/edited-in-middle-of-message-discord/
 
+categories:
+  - guides
+  - tips-and-tricks
+
 tags:
-  - tutorial
   - discord
   - discord-tricks
 
@@ -20,22 +27,51 @@ resources:
 
 ---
 
-With a bit of trickery using the RLE character (U+202B), you can get the
-`(edited)` text on a message to be somewhere other than at the end of the
-message.
+You might have seen a trick on Discord where the little `(edited)` caption
+appears in the middle of a message instead of at the end. With a small hack
+involving the [right-to-left embedding character
+(U+202B)](https://unicode-explorer.com/c/202B), the `(edited)` text can be moved
+to any location inside the message.
 
 <!--more-->
 
+{{< aside note >}}
+This trick only works if you're on desktop/web, and will also only show to
+people on desktop/web.
+{{< /aside >}}
+
 ## Tutorial
 
-1. Copy the "right-to-left embedding" character (U+202A) to your clipboard.
-2. Open editing box of a message
-3. Delete all text inside
-4. Paste the character
-5. Type the text you want on the right of `(edited)`
-6. Press space and paste the character
-7. Type the text you want on the left of `(edited)`
+Before you start, copy the "right-to-left embedding" character
+([U+202B](https://unicode-explorer.com/c/202B)) to your clipboard.
 
-*This post was adapted from [gitea:bbaovanc/discord-tricks][1]*
+### Method 1
+
+With this method you write a placeholder message, and then replace it completely
+with a new message containing the `(edited)` text inside it all at once.
+
+1. Send a message with some random text (this text will be replaced entirely)
+2. Start editing the message you just created and delete all the text inside
+3. Type the text you want on the left of `(edited)`.
+4. Type a space, then paste the character twice, and type another space.
+5. Type the text you want on the right of `(edited)`.
+6. Save the message.
+
+You can also start at step 3 instead, send the message, and then perform any
+edit on the message afterwards to add the `(edited)` text.
+
+### Method 2
+
+This method works by adding `(edited)` to the end of an existing message, and
+then extra text to the right.
+
+1. Send a message containing the text you want on the left of `(edited)`.
+2. Start editing the message you just created
+3. At the end of the message, type a space, then paste the character twice, and
+   type another space.
+4. Type the text you want on the right of `(edited)`.
+5. Save the message.
+
+*This post was adapted from [bbaovanc/discord-tricks][1]*
 
 [1]: https://git.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc/discord-tricks

content/blog/github-copilot-experiments/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+---
+
+title: Experimenting with GitHub Copilot
+date: 2021-11-06T23:56:47-05:00
+lastmod: 2021-11-08T21:46:39-06:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+  - programming
+  - tinkering
+
+tags:
+  - github-copilot
+
+series:
+  - github-copilot-experiments
+
+resources:
+  - name: feature
+    src: boba-shop.webp
+    title: GitHub Copilot tends to repeat stuff.
+
+  - name: rust-poem
+    src: rust-poem.webp
+
+  - name: python-twinkle-poem
+    src: python-twinkle-poem.webp
+
+  - name: horrible-code
+    src: horrible-code.webp
+
+  - name: dropdown-css
+    src: dropdown-css.webp
+
+  - name: boba-shop # same as feature
+    src: boba-shop.webp
+
+  - name: boba-shop-size
+    src: boba-shop-size.webp
+
+  - name: boba-shop-color
+    src: boba-shop-color.webp
+
+  - name: girlfriend
+    src: girlfriend.webp
+
+  - name: cheese-burger-poem
+    src: cheese-burger-poem.webp
+
+  - name: sing
+    src: sing.webp
+
+  - name: what-is-boba
+    src: what-is-boba.webp
+
+  - name: what-is-github-copilot
+    src: what-is-github-copilot.webp
+
+  - name: what-is-the-purpose-of-this-file
+    src: what-is-the-purpose-of-this-file.webp
+
+  - name: who-is-steve-jobs
+    src: who-is-steve-jobs.webp
+
+---
+
+I decided to play around with GitHub Copilot. Here's some of the code that I
+got as a result.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+## Poems
+
+First, I tried to get Copilot to write me a poem in Rust. It didn't really work.
+
+{{< figure src="rust-poem" >}}
+
+So, I tried Python instead.
+
+{{< figure src="python-twinkle-poem" >}}
+
+This is where I realized that Copilot was doing a little more than just
+repeating code it had seen before verbatim.
+
+Before this testing, my understanding was that Copilot was sort of like a search
+engine. It looked at the context and found a piece of code from GitHub that
+matched the functionality you wanted. This was the reason I had such a negative
+opinion about it. I saw it as a way to easily violate copyleft licenses such as
+GPLv3.
+
+Anyways, back to more testing.
+
+## Horrible code
+
+I decided to ask it to generate some horrible code for me. Unfortunately, it
+didn't quite do what I wanted.
+
+{{< figure src="horrible-code" >}}
+
+## Solving problems in bobatheme
+
+I decided to consult Copilot on how to make a nice CSS dropdown, which I need
+for the language picker in bobatheme.
+
+{{< figure src="dropdown-css" >}}
+
+Maybe I'll have to test it out.
+
+## Making a boba shop
+
+Now, I asked Copilot for help on creating a new
+[boba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubble_tea) shop, which got a little
+spammy.
+
+{{< figure src="boba-shop" >}}
+
+{{< figure src="boba-shop-size" >}}
+
+## More random code
+
+I got some ideas of important questions to ask Copilot thanks to the
+conversations going on in Discord.
+
+{{< figure src="girlfriend" >}}
+
+Turns out the API endpoint in that code is real, and returns a (presumably)
+nonexistent person.
+
+## Another poem
+
+I decided to generate one more poem, this time naming the function something
+different in hopes of getting a different result.
+
+{{< figure src="cheese-burger-poem" >}}
+
+It was a success! And the output of the program:
+
+```text
+Mary had a little lamb.
+Its fleece was white as snow.
+And everywhere that Mary went.
+..........
+Cheese Burger
+```
+
+## A song
+
+I decided to try and get it to sing a song.
+
+{{< figure src="sing" >}}
+
+According to Google Translate, here's what that says:
+
+```python
+def sing():
+    print("""
+    You are my little pig
+    I love you
+    You are my little pig
+    I love you
+    """)
+```
+
+## GitHub Copilot as an encyclopedia
+
+I decided to ask Copilot a few random questions to test its encyclopedia
+abilities.
+
+{{< figure src="what-is-boba" >}}
+
+{{< figure src="what-is-github-copilot" >}}
+
+{{< figure src="who-is-steve-jobs" >}}
+
+I had run out of questions to ask, so I just started the comment with a generic
+"what is" and let Copilot finish the question and answer.
+
+{{< figure src="what-is-the-purpose-of-this-file" >}}
+
+That last line came out of nowhere!

content/blog/swapfile-guide-explained/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+
+title: Swapfile guide explained
+date: 2023-01-23T20:26:18-06:00
+lastmod: 2023-01-23T20:26:18-06:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+draft: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+  - linux
+
+tags:
+  - linux-swap
+  - swapfile
+
+series:
+  - swapfile-guide
+
+# this will be shown for the article in list pages and in the page metadata
+# it can be either an image or video (this might change in the future, however)
+resources:
+  - name: feature
+    src: something.webp
+    title: Some image (image format can be anything; webp is just an example)
+
+---
+
+This page is about something. All the content before the "more" HTML comment
+below will become the summary, which will be used in list pages and in the meta
+tags on the article.
+
+Or, if you don't want your description to be at the top of the article, you can
+set your own `description` in the front matter and it will override this. See
+the [Content Summaries](https://gohugo.io/content-management/summaries/) page on
+the Hugo docs for more information.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+## Allocating the file
+
+- use `dd` instead of `fallocate`
+- https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/swapon.8.html#NOTES
+  - https://man.archlinux.org/man/core/util-linux/swapon.8.en#Files_with_holes
+
+## Options field
+
+- https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/365961/525130
+- https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/365954/525130
+- https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/blob/2ea397239683270a0fc8cd3b72ed5457f52dbda8/sys-utils/swapon.c#L699

content/blog/swapfile-guide/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+---
+
+title: How to create (or remove) a swapfile on Linux
+date: 2023-01-23T20:26:18-06:00
+lastmod: 2023-01-23T20:26:18-06:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+draft: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+  - guides
+  - linux
+  - tips-and-tricks
+
+tags:
+  - linux-swap
+  - swapfile
+
+series:
+  - swapfile-guide
+
+# this will be shown for the article in list pages and in the page metadata
+# it can be either an image or video (this might change in the future, however)
+resources:
+  - name: feature
+    src: something.webp
+    title: Some image (image format can be anything; webp is just an example)
+
+---
+
+This is a step-by-step tutorial on how to create or remove a swapfile on a Linux
+machine. Also included is the correct `fstab` entry (most articles get this
+"wrong", though it doesn't really make a difference) and reasons to use
+swap(file) in the first place.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+## Should you use swap?
+
+A common misconception is that adding swap to your system can reduce
+performance. In reality, even if you aren't running out of RAM, it can still be
+beneficial to add swap.
+
+See these points according to [an article by Hayden James][always-add-swap]:
+
+> - Even if there is still available RAM, the Linux Kernel will **move memory
+>   pages that are hardly ever used** into swap space.
+>
+> - It’s better to swap out memory pages that have been inactive for a while,
+>   **keeping often-used data in cache**, and this should happen when the server
+>   is most idle, which is the aim of the Kernel.
+>
+> - Avoid setting your swap space too large if it will result in prolonging
+>   performance issues, outages, or your response time (without proper
+>   monitoring/alerts).
+
+[always-add-swap]: https://haydenjames.io/linux-performance-almost-always-add-swap-space/
+
+### Should you use a swapfile?
+
+Swap partitions should be preferred because swapfiles tend to be slower and more
+complex, especially if hibernating. A swapfile might be preferred due to its
+flexibility (easy to resize), but if you use [LVM][lvm-archwiki] then you can
+easily resize the swap partition anyways.
+
+[lvm-archwiki]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/LVM
+
+## Tutorial
+
+{{< include path="include/bashsession.md" markdown=true >}}
+
+### Step 1: Create the file
+
+The first step is to allocate the file.
+
+```bashsession
+# dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=[size in MiB] status=progress
+```
+
+Replace `[size in MiB]` with the size of your swapfile in Mebibytes (MiB). You
+can use [this online converter](https://www.convertunits.com/from/GiB/to/MiB) to
+convert from Gibibytes (GiB, often confused with Gigabytes, but that's a
+misconception for another time) to MiB, which you can put in the command.
+
+Or you can look at this table for common sizes:
+
+{{< table >}}
+| GiB | MiB         |
+|-----|-------------|
+| 1   | count=1024  |
+| 2   | count=2048  |
+| 3   | count=3072  |
+| 4   | count=4096  |
+| 8   | count=8192  |
+| 16  | count=16384 |
+{{< /table >}}
+
+If you aren't sure how big your swapfile should be, take a look at [Table 15.1
+on this Red Hat documentation page][redhat-swap-table]. Remember that if your
+first swapfile isn't large enough, you can create another one.
+
+[redhat-swap-table]: https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/storage_administration_guide/ch-swapspace#tb-recommended-system-swap-space
+
+On my computer I have 32 GiB of RAM and a 16 GiB swap partition, rather than
+swapfile, because I can flexibly expand the swap partition using
+[LVM][lvm-archwiki].
+
+{{< aside example >}}
+
+To create a swapfile 4 GiB in size, you would run:
+
+```bashsession
+# dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096 status=progress
+4096+0 records in
+4096+0 records out
+4294967296 bytes (4.3 GB, 4.0 GiB) copied, 0.960183 s, 4.5 GB/s
+```
+
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+### Step 2: Change swapfile permissions
+
+The swapfile should only be readable by the system (`root` user). Run this
+command to change it:
+
+```bashsession
+# chmod 600 /swapfile
+```
+
+### Step 3: Format the swapfile
+
+Use the `mkswap` command to format the file to be used as swap (basically just
+add a header to identify it):
+
+```bashsession
+# mkswap /swapfile
+Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 4 GiB (4294963200 bytes)
+no label, UUID=a0b87eca-b951-4344-be2d-020d77cdef48
+```
+
+### Step 4: Create an entry in `/etc/fstab`
+
+An entry needs to be added to `/etc/fstab` for the swapfile to be enabled during
+bootup. Open `/etc/fstab` in a text editor, and add this line to the end (add
+spaces to line up with other entries if you want, whitespace is ignored):
+
+```text
+/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
+```
+
+{{< aside note >}}
+
+Above, I have filled the "options" field with `sw`. This is actually a result of
+[cargo culting](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cargo_culting). On Linux, the
+`sw` option (and the [options specified by the commonly used
+`defaults`][fstab-defaults-man]) [isn't valid for `swapon` and is
+ignored][swapon-options-source]. However, the field does need to be filled out
+with something, so feel free to put something funny (do let me know in the
+comments if this somehow breaks something though).
+
+[fstab-defaults-man]: https://man.archlinux.org/man/fstab.5#The_fourth_field_(%3Ci%3Efs_mntops%3C/i%3E).
+[swapon-options-source]: https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/blob/2ea397239683270a0fc8cd3b72ed5457f52dbda8/sys-utils/swapon.c#L699
+
+If you're curious, this is my `fstab` entry (`UUID` is because I use a swap
+partition, rather than swapfile):
+
+```text
+# /dev/mapper/bobavg0-swap
+UUID=4f7c3ae8-839b-4474-b8a5-96bd78db06f8 none swap bobaswap 0 0
+```
+
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+### Step 5: Enable the swapfile
+
+Adding the `fstab` entry won't enable the swapfile until a reboot. To enable it
+now, use the `swapon` command.
+
+```bashsession
+# swapon /swapfile
+```
+
+### Finally: check the swap status
+
+Use `swapon` and `free` to verify that your new swapfile has been added:
+
+```bashsession
+$ swapon --show
+NAME       TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
+/swapfile  file   4G   0B   -2
+
+$ free -h
+               total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
+Mem:            31Gi       3.6Gi        20Gi       233Mi       6.9Gi        26Gi
+Swap:          4.0Gi          0B       4.0Gi
+```
+
+{{< aside note >}}
+
+If you get an error saying that the `swapon` command was not found, try running
+it as `root` (using `sudo`). On Debian-based distributions the `swapon` command
+is not available to regular users.
+
+```bashsession
+$ swapon --show
+bash: swapon: command not found
+
+# swapon --show
+NAME      TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
+/swapfile file   4G   0B   -2
+```
+
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+## Removing a swapfile
+
+{{< aside warning >}}
+
+Be careful that the swapfile isn't being highly used because once you run
+`swapoff`, it will dump the entire contents back into RAM and may cause you to
+run out of memory.
+
+{{< /aside >}}
+
+### Step 1: Disable/unload the swapfile
+
+```bashsession
+$ swapon --show
+NAME       TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
+/swapfile  file   4G   0B   -2
+
+$ # the path to the swapfile I want to remove is `/swapfile`
+
+# swapoff /swapfile
+```
+
+### Step 2: Remove the entry from `fstab`
+
+Open `/etc/fstab` in a text editor and find the line matching the swapfile you
+want to remove, and delete it. For example:
+
+```text
+/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
+```
+
+### Step 3: Delete the actual file
+
+```bashsession
+# rm /swapfile
+```

content/blog/text-substitution-in-discord-using-sed/index.md

@@ -1,18 +1,25 @@
 ---
 
 title: Text substitution in Discord using `sed`
-date: 2021-03-25
+date: 2021-03-25T18:48:15-05:00
+lastmod: 2021-10-19T14:02:08-05:00
 toc: false
 comments: true
 
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
 aliases:
   - /blog/posts/sed-text-substitution-in-discord/
   - /blog/posts/text-substitution-in-discord-using-sed/
 
+categories:
+  - tips-and-tricks
+
 tags:
-  - tutorial
   - discord
   - discord-tricks
+  - sed
 
 resources:
   - name: feature

content/blog/the-redesign-of-my-website/index.md

@@ -1,20 +1,35 @@
 ---
 
 title: The redesign of my website
-date: 2021-10-16
+date: 2021-10-18T14:03:05-05:00
+lastmod: 2021-10-27T09:51:43-05:00
 toc: true
 comments: true
 
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+  - meta
+
 tags:
-  - announcement
-  - blog
+  - bobatheme
   - hugo
+  - web-development
 
 resources:
   - name: feature
     src: bobatheme.webp
     title: Homepage on bbaovanc.com, using bobatheme.
 
+  - name: actions-comment
+    src: github-actions-deploy-comment.webp
+    title: Comment from GitHub Actions that links to the pull request preview.
+
+  - name: deployment
+    src: pull-request-deployment.webp
+    title: GitHub deployments are created for the previews as well.
+
 ---
 
 For the past three weeks I've been designing and perfecting a new theme for my
@@ -28,11 +43,11 @@ I've switched to a new theme. Visually, it's similar to
 [hugo-bearblog](https://github.com/janraasch/hugo-bearblog) which was the theme
 I had previously. Bearblog does a great job for being simple and very light, but
 it's not featureful enough for me. bobatheme has a lot of fancy features thanks
-to Hugo. For example: list pages (such as [/blog/](/blog/)) have previews for
-each article, including featured images or videos for select articles. You can
-also link to specific headers in an article, and articles have metadata such as
-word count, reading time, and the git commit that last modified them. My
-favorite new feature, however, is that bobatheme has icons.
+to Hugo. For example: list pages (such as [/blog/]({{< ref "/blog/" >}})) have
+previews for each article, including featured images or videos for select
+articles. You can also link to specific headers in an article, and articles have
+metadata such as word count, reading time, and the git commit that last modified
+them. My favorite new feature, however, is that bobatheme has icons.
 
 ### Icons
 
@@ -52,12 +67,17 @@ features such as copying code blocks to the clipboard.
 
 My website's source code was previously on git.bbaovanc.com, but I migrated it
 to [a new repository on GitHub](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com) so I
-could use Netlify to automatically build website previews for pull requests.
+could use Netlify/GitHub Actions to automatically build website previews for
+pull requests.
 
-### Netlify
+### Automatic Pull Request Previews
 
-Every pull request has its own preview built for it using Netlify, which is
-linked in a comment.
+Every pull request has its own preview built for it using GitHub Actions, which
+is linked in a comment, and shown as a deployment on the pull request.
+
+{{< figure src="actions-comment" >}}
+
+{{< figure src="deployment" >}}
 
 ## Translations
 
@@ -70,16 +90,11 @@ for more information).
 ### Tracking Status
 
 I'm currently tracking translation status using [GitHub
-projects](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/projects). Each language has
-one "progress" project which shows each page's translation status in the
-language. For example, here's the [Spanish Translation
-Progress](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/projects/4)
-
-There's also a [Translation Pull
-Requests](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/projects/1) project which
-tracks the review status of translation pull requests in all languages. If you
-want to look at pull requests for a specific language, you can filter by the
-translation label (for example: Spanish is `translate-es`).
+projects](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/projects). There's a
+[Translation Pull Requests](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/projects/1)
+project which tracks the review status of translation pull requests in all
+languages. If you want to look at pull requests for a specific language, you can
+filter by the label (for example: Spanish is `translate-es`).
 
 ### Contribute translations
 

content/blog/using-github-copilot-to-write-a-blog-post/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+---
+
+title: Using Github Copilot to write a blog post
+date: 2021-11-07T16:17:15-06:00
+lastmod: 2021-11-08T21:46:39-06:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+
+tags:
+  - github-copilot
+  - markdown
+
+series:
+  - github-copilot-experiments
+
+# this will be shown for the article in list pages and in the page metadata
+# it can be either an image or video (this might change in the future, however)
+resources:
+  - name: feature
+    src: copilot-blog-post.webp
+    title: GitHub Copilot helps me write a blog post.
+
+  - name: print-a-news-article
+    src: print-a-news-article.webp
+
+---
+
+I found out that GitHub Copilot can write in Markdown, so I decided to get it to
+write a blog post for me. Here's how I did it.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+## Preface
+
+I recommend you read my [other blog post about Copilot]({{< ref
+"/blog/github-copilot-experiments/index.md" >}}) where I showed a bunch of
+examples of code I generated using Copilot. Near the end of it, I started to
+experiment asking some questions to it, rather than using it to generate code.
+That turned out to be a great idea, and led to the creation of this blog post.
+
+## Writing English with Copilot
+
+After using Copilot as an encyclopedia, I got an idea. What if I used GitHub
+Copilot to generate ideas?
+
+{{< figure src="print-a-news-article" >}}
+
+I decided to take it a step further and set the language to Markdown. I started
+writing out the basic structure of a blog post on my website and let it
+autocomplete.
+
+{{< figure src="feature" >}}
+
+I'm not quite sure who Kurt A. Smith is, why Copilot chose April Fools 2020 for
+the date, or why it was so adamant on writing a blog post about itself. What I
+do know is that I would be able to write a blog post. All I had to do was type a
+word or two, and Copilot turned it into a couple sentences.
+
+## The finished product
+
+The actual blog post written by Copilot is available [here]({{< ref "../copilot-post/" >}}).

content/blog/youtube-url-structures-you-should-know/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+---
+
+title: Youtube URL structures you should know
+date: 2021-10-30T21:20:38-05:00
+lastmod: 2023-01-16T21:04:09-06:00
+toc: true
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
+
+categories:
+  - tips-and-tricks
+
+tags:
+  - query-parameters
+  - url-structures
+  - youtube
+
+resources:
+  - name: feature
+    src: youtube-url.webp
+    title: YouTube URL
+
+  - name: mdn-url-parameters
+    src: mdn-url-parameters@x2.png
+    title: >-
+      [What is a
+      URL?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Common_questions/What_is_a_URL#parameters)
+      by [Mozilla
+      Contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Common_questions/What_is_a_URL/contributors.txt)
+      is licensed under [CC-BY-SA
+      2.5](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/)
+
+---
+
+Knowing the basic structure and parameters in a YouTube URL can come in handy on
+the occasion you need it. Here's how to find the video ID, link to a specific
+timestamp, and more.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+## What is youtu.be?
+
+YouTube has its own domain for [URL
+shortening](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL_shortening): `youtu.be`. It's
+roughly equivalent to `youtube.com/watch`.
+
+## Query parameter basics
+
+Query parameters can be added to a URL just by suffixing it with something like
+`?key=value&something=else`. That example sets `key` to `value` and `something`
+to `else`. Note how the first parameter is prefixed with `?`, and then the
+following parameters are separated with `&`.
+
+{{< figure src="mdn-url-parameters" >}}
+
+See the [page on the Mozilla Developer
+Docs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Common_questions/What_is_a_URL)
+for more information on the anatomy of a URL.
+
+## Linking to a video
+
+Here's the video I'll be using as an example:
+
+{{< youtube F6va6tg62qg >}}
+
+I embedded that video on my website with this code:[^hugo-shortcode]
+
+```text
+{{</* youtube F6va6tg62qg */>}}
+```
+
+The argument there (`F6va6tg62qg`) is the video ID, which is the unique
+identifier for the video. Here's how the YouTube URLs for that video look:
+
+- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6va6tg62qg
+- https://youtu.be/F6va6tg62qg
+
+Take note that on `youtube.com`, the video ID is provided as a [query
+parameter](#query-parameter-basics), and on `youtu.be`, it's just provided as
+the path of the URL.
+
+## Linking a specific timestamp
+
+You can add the `t=` parameter to the URL to have it automatically seek to a
+specific timestamp when opened. The value can be expressed in hours, minutes,
+and seconds (using `h`, `m`, and `s` respectively). Here's how that looks:
+
+- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6va6tg62qg&t=14s
+- https://youtu.be/F6va6tg62qg?t=14s
+
+Unfortunately my example video isn't long enough to show hours or minutes, so
+here's a different one:
+
+- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ&t=3m14s
+- https://youtu.be/dQw4w9WgXcQ?t=3m14s
+
+Those link 3 minutes and 14 seconds into the video. Notice how the `youtube.com`
+link prefixes the `t=` parameter with an `&` since it's the second parameter.
+The `youtu.be` link just uses a `?` because it's the first (and only) parameter.
+
+## Playlists
+
+The `list=` parameter contains the ID of the playlist you're watching the video
+from, if any. Otherwise, the parameter is omitted. Here's how that looks:
+
+- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=47dtFZ8CFo8&list=PLwxnUUM01nt2nMh9DPq09e6fIDbumybgt
+- https://youtu.be/47dtFZ8CFo8?list=PLwxnUUM01nt2nMh9DPq09e6fIDbumybgt
+
+There, the playlist ID was `PLwxnUUM01nt2nMh9DPq09e6fIDbumybgt`. You can link to
+the playlist itself with a format like:
+
+```text
+https://youtube.com/playlist?list=[playlist_id]
+```
+
+For example, the direct link to the playlist in the two example links I used is:
+
+- https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwxnUUM01nt2nMh9DPq09e6fIDbumybgt
+
+As far as I know, it's not possible to link to a playlist using `youtu.be`.
+
+## Further reading
+
+[This Stack Exchange answer](https://webapps.stackexchange.com/a/9881) is a good
+reference for some other YouTube parameters.
+
+[^hugo-shortcode]: I use a static site generator called
+  [Hugo](https://gohugo.io) for my website. It has a built in "shortcode" which
+  is a feature that allows me to embed certain code blocks into a page. One of
+  its shortcodes, named `youtube`, allows me to embed a YouTube video into my
+  post. You can read more info about [shortcodes on the Hugo
+  docs](https://gohugo.io/content-management/shortcodes/#use-hugos-built-in-shortcodes)

content/categories/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+
+title: Categories
+
+---
+
+List of categories on my website. These are different types or styles of posts.

content/categories/devops/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+---
+
+title: DevOps
+
+---
+
+Posts about toolchain and software pipeline stuff. The abbreviation means
+software development (Dev) plus IT operations (Ops). Includes things such as
+CI/CD (GitHub Actions).
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/guides/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+
+title: Guides
+
+---
+
+Any kind of guide or tutorial.
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/jailbreak/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+
+title: Jailbreak
+
+---
+
+Anything related to jailbreaking (iOS or other Apple devices).
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/linux/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+
+title: Linux
+
+---
+
+Anything relating to Linux (the kernel or operating systems).
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/meta/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+
+title: Meta
+
+---
+
+Posts talking about my website.
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/programming/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+
+title: Programming
+
+---
+
+Any posts relating to programming and/or software development.
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/software/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+
+title: Software
+
+---
+
+Posts that discuss/review various programs.
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/sysadmin/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+
+title: Sysadmin
+
+---
+
+Anything relating to managing servers (usually relating to Linux). "Sysadmin" is
+short for "system administrator".
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/tinkering/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+
+title: Tinkering
+
+---
+
+Posts where I experiment with things.
+
+<!--more-->

content/categories/tips-and-tricks/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+
+title: Tips and Tricks
+
+---
+
+Random little tips and/or tricks that I want to share. Will probably be mostly
+short articles (but that's not a bad thing).
+
+<!--more-->

content/contact/index.md

@@ -3,12 +3,18 @@
 title: Contact
 menu: main
 toc: false
-comments: false
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
 
 description: >-
   Want to contact me? Here's how you can.
 
 ---
 
-- Email: [contact@bbaovanc.com](mailto:contact@bbaovanc.com)
-- Matrix: [@bbaovanc:boba.best](https://matrix.to/#/@bbaovanc:boba.best)
+- Email: bbaovanc@bbaovanc.com
+  - If needed, encrypt your email with [my PGP
+    key](https://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?search=bbaovanc%40bbaovanc.com&fingerprint=on&op=index)
+- GitHub Discussions (Q&A):
+  https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com/discussions/categories/q-a

content/donate/index.md

@@ -3,11 +3,14 @@
 title: Donate
 menu: main
 toc: false
-comments: false
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
 
 description: >-
-  I have a few cryptocurrency addresses that you can use if you want to donate to
-  me.
+  I have a few cryptocurrency addresses that you can use if you want to donate
+  to me.
 
 ---
 

content/links/index.md

@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@
 title: Links
 menu: main
 toc: true
-comments: false
+comments: true
+
+authors:
+  - bbaovanc
 
 aliases:
   - /blog/links/
@@ -15,41 +18,57 @@ description: >-
 
 ## Other
 
-- [GitHub](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/)
+- [GitHub](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/) - my GitHub profile
 - [boba.best](https://boba.best/)
 
 ## My Website
 
-- [Homepage](https://bbaovanc.com/) - theme:
-  [bobatheme](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobatheme)
-- [Blog](https://bbaovanc.com/blog/)
-- [Status Page](https://status.bbaovanc.com/)
-- [Searx Instance](https://search.bbaovanc.com/) -
-  [source code](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/searx)
-- [Gitea Instance](https://git.bbaovanc.com/)
+- [bbaovanc.com source code](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bbaovanc.com)
+- [bobatheme](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/bobatheme) - theme for this
+  website
+- [Searx Instance](https://search.bbaovanc.com/) - privacy-respecting search
+  engine
+- [Gitea Instance](https://git.bbaovanc.com/) - mostly just mirrors of my GitHub
+  repos
 
-## My Software
+## My Projects
 
-- [smines](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/smines)
-- [imgupload.py](https://github.com/imgupload-py/imgupload.py)
-- [mojiman](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/mojiman)
-- [pynamegen](https://git.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc/pynamegen)
+- [smines](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/smines) - TUI minesweeper in C, made for
+  practice
+- [imgupload.py](https://github.com/imgupload-py/imgupload.py) - simple image
+  uploading server written with Python Flask
+- [mojiman](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/mojiman) - program I made to learn Rust
+- [pynamegen](https://git.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc/pynamegen) - name generator
+  written in Python
   - [libnamegen](https://git.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc/libnamegen)
   - [liblistloader](https://git.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc/liblistloader)
   - [libprogress](https://git.bbaovanc.com/bbaovanc/libprogress)
-- [RokuRemote](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/RokuRemote)
+- [RokuRemote](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/RokuRemote) - keyboard-based remote
+  control for Roku
 
 ## My Configurations
 
-- [dotfiles](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dotfiles)
-- [dwm](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/.dwm)
-  - [dwm-flexipatch](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dwm-flexipatch)
-  - [dwmblocks](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dwmblocks)
-  - [dmenu](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dmenu)
+- [dotfiles](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dotfiles) - main repository with my
+  configs
+- [docker-dotfiles](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/docker-dotfiles) - Docker image
+  that contains my dotfiles
+- [onehalf](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/onehalf) - the theme I use on my
+  terminal
 
 ### Archived
 
-- [dwm](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dwm)
-  - [st](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/st)
-  - [slstatus](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/slstatus)
-- [xmonad](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/.xmonad)
+- [dwm](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/.dwm) - outer repo with submodules for my
+  various dwm-related configs
+  - [dwm-flexipatch](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dwm-flexipatch) - see
+    https://github.com/bakkeby/dwm-flexipatch
+  - [dwmblocks](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dwmblocks) - DWM status bar, see
+    https://github.com/torrinfail/dwmblocks
+  - [dmenu](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dmenu) - dynamic menu, see
+    https://tools.suckless.org/dmenu/
+  - [st](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/st) - simple terminal, see
+    https://st.suckless.org
+  - [slstatus](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/slstatus) - suckless status, see
+    https://tools.suckless.org/slstatus/
+  - [dwm](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/dwm) - dynamic window manager, see
+    https://dwm.suckless.org/
+- [xmonad](https://github.com/BBaoVanC/.xmonad) - see https://xmonad.org

content/series/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+
+title: Series
+
+---
+
+List of series, which are sequences of closely related posts.

content/series/github-copilot-experiments/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+
+title: Github Copilot Experiments
+
+---
+
+Make sure to read the last two posts where I made GitHub Copilot write a blog
+post itself.
+
+<!--more-->

content/series/swapfile-guide/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+
+title: Swapfile Guide
+
+---
+
+A tutorial on how to set up a swapfile on Linux, but with some more depth than
+just a step-by-step.
+
+<!--more-->

content/tags/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+
+title: Tags
+
+---
+
+List of tags on my website. These are specific things or ideas that I talk about
+in a post.

content/tags/arch-linux/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+
+title: Arch Linux
+
+---
+
+A Linux distribution which aims to be lightweight, flexible, and simple. See
+https://archlinux.org for more information.
+
+<!--more-->

content/tags/bobanews/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+
+title: bobanews
+
+---
+
+The main name for my newsletter. I recommend you read the [blog post I wrote
+about it][newsletter-post].
+
+[newsletter-post]: {{< ref "/blog/blog-post-newsletter" >}}
+
+<!--more-->

content/tags/bobatheme/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+
+title: bobatheme
+
+---
+
+Posts about bobatheme, my custom [Hugo][hugo-website] theme which I use on this
+website.
+
+[hugo-website]: https://gohugo.io
+
+<!--more-->

content/tags/caddy/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+---
+
+title: Caddy
+
+---
+
+Caddy is a powerful and open source webserver written in [Golang][golang] which
+includes some fancy features such as built-in automatic HTTPS. It's by far my
+favorite webserver. See my [blog post about Caddy][caddy-blog-post] for why.
+
+[golang]: https://go.dev/
+[caddy-blog-post]: {{< ref "/blog/caddy-is-the-best-webserver" >}}
+
+<!--more-->

content/tags/checkra1n/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+
+title: checkra1n
+
+---
+
+An [iOS jailbreak][ios-jailbreaking] which supports the iPhone 4s to the iPhone
+X. See the [official checkra1n website][checkra1n-website] for more information.
+
+[ios-jailbreaking]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_jailbreaking
+[checkra1n-website]: https://checkra.in/
+
+<!--more-->

content/tags/discord-tricks/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+
+title: Discord Tricks
+
+---
+
+Tips and tricks I have learned about Discord.
+
+<!--more-->

content/tags/discord/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+---
+
+title: Discord
+
+---
+
+An extremely popular chat platform. You have to live under a rock to not know
+what Discord is.
+
+<!--more-->
+
+See also: the [discord-tricks tag][discord-tricks-tag].
+
+[discord-tricks-tag]: {{< ref "/tags/discord-tricks/" >}}